Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
AP World-Unit 6
AP World Unit 6- Consequences of Industrialization
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Mahmud II | the 30th Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1808 until his death in 1839. His reign is recognized for the extensive administrative, military, and fiscal reforms he instituted, which culminated in the Decree of Tanzimat. |
| Young Ottomans | a secret society established in 1865 by a group of Ottoman Turkish intellectuals who were dissatisfied with the Tanzimat reforms in the Ottoman Empire, which they believed did not go far enough |
| Constitution of 1876 | The first constitution of an Islamic country. It made all subjects Ottomans under the law. By doing so, everyone, regardless of their religion had the right to liberties such as freedom of press and free education. |
| Crimean War | a military conflict fought from October 1853 to February 1856 in which Russia lost to an alliance of France, the Ottoman Empire, the United Kingdom and Piedmont-Sardinia. The immediate cause of the war involved the rights of Christian minorities |
| Emancipation of Serfs | the first and most important of the liberal reforms enacted during the reign of Emperor Alexander II of Russia. The reform effectively abolished serfdom throughout the Russian Empire. |
| Russo-Japanese War | fought between the Empire of Japan and the Russian Empire during 1904 and 1905 over rival imperial ambitions in Manchuria and the Korean Empire. The Japanese won the war shocking the world as people saw Russia as a major power. |
| Duma | Russian legislative assembly created in 1905 by Nicholas II as a means of appeasing an angry peasant population. It was largely ineffective due to conflict with the tsar as well as the boyar class. |
| Opium Wars | 1839-1842- A series of wars between China and Britain. The wars would lead to the quick defeat of the Chinese navy by the superior (and modern) naval fleet of the British and further subjugation of the Chinese people by western powers. |
| Unequal Treaties | Treaties between wealthy western countries (the British, United States, etc) and countries like China, African countries, etc that were unfair to the less wealthy countries and exploited them for the financial gain of the powerful countries. |
| Tributary Empire | When a powerful entity conquers a weaker entity and demands tribute in the form of food, goods, etc. |
| Hong Xiuquan | 1814-1864 Leader of the Taiping Rebellion. The Taiping forces were run as a cult-like group called the God Worshipping Society The Taiping Rebellion eventually failed, however, and led to the deaths of more than 20 million people. |
| Empress Dowager Cixi | a Chinese noblewoman, concubine and later regent who effectively controlled the Chinese government in the late Qing dynasty for 47 years. She was a cunning, manipulative and often spiteful ruler. She hastened the end of the Qing dynasty. |
| Admiral Matthew Perry | U.S. naval officer who headed an expedition that forced Japan in 1853–54 to enter into trade and diplomatic relations with the West after more than two centuries of isolation. |
| Tanzimat Reforms | Reforms that included the development of a secular school system, the reorganization of the army(as opposed to traditional janissaries), the creation of representative assemblies, and the introduction of new codes of commercial and criminal law. |
| Young Turks | a political reform movement in the early 20th century that favored the replacement of the Ottoman Empire's absolute monarchy with a constitutional government. They led a failed rebellion against the absolute rule of Sultan Abdulhamid II . |
| Tsar Alexander II | Emperor of Russia from 1855 until his assassination. His most significant reform was the emancipation of Russia's serfs, for which he is known as Alexander the Liberator. He was killed by an extremist group that wanted to get rid of the office of tsar. |
| Nicholas II | the last Emperor of Russia. He was assassinated in 1918. He was highly unpopular due to his indifference to the peasant plight and Russia’s entrance into WWI, a fight most Russians felt unnecessary and costly. |
| Great Reforms | These acts liberated roughly 40 percent of the population from bondage, created an independent judicial system, introduced self-governing councils in towns, transformed military service, strengthened banking, and granted more autonomy to universities. |
| Zemstvos | An institution of local Russian government that built hospitals, schools, constructed roads, and engaged in tax collecting. The Zemstvo also helped peasants establish experimental farms; they lent money; and generally encouraged co-operative farming |
| Pogrom | a violent riot incited with the aim of massacring or expelling an ethnic or religious group, particularly Jews. |
| Bloody Sunday | massacre in St. Petersburg, Russia, of peaceful demonstrators marking the beginning of the violent phase of the Russian Revolution of 1905 |
| Cohong System | A system was established in the 1740s that required each foreign ship arriving at Guangzhou to be supervised by a hong merchant, This was done in the hopes of gaining more fair treatment of the Chinese people who were subject to unfair treaties. |
| Treaty of Nanjing | treaty that ended the first Opium War, the first of the unequal treaties between China and foreign imperialist powers. China paid the British an indemnity and ceded the territory of Hong Kong, |
| Taiping Rebellion | a massive rebellion and civil war that was waged in China between the Manchu-led Qing dynasty and the Han, Hakka-led Taiping Heavenly Kingdom. Led to the deaths of over 20 million people. |
| Self-strengthening movement | a period of radical institutional reforms initiated in China during the late Qing dynasty following the military disasters of the Opium Wars. |
| Boxer Rebellion | A Chinese secret society known as the Boxers embarked on a violent campaign to drive all foreigners from China. Several countries (including the United States) sent troops to halt the attacks. |
| Tokugawa Shogunate | the military government of Japan during the Edo period from 1603 to 1868. To guard against external influence, they also worked to close off Japanese society from Westernizing influences, particularly Christianity. |
| White Man's Burden | The imperial belief that it was the duty of western powers to “uplift” lesser countries through imperials. Gave weak justification that imperialism was a noble thing to do. |
| Maxim Guns | The first automatic weapon.It was initially used to crush rebellions in colonized areas such as African nations. Western nations, such as the British, would use them to subjugate tribes and killed thousands in the process. |
| Sepoy Rebellion | It was a major uprising of the Indian people against the British imperialists as Indian natives, enlisted in the British army, fought back against the brutal treatment they endured under the British. |
| Livingstone and Stanley | Stanley was a Welsh-American reporter who went into the heart of Africa in search of missionary and explorer David Livingstone. After a long and arduous journey, he found him and his first words, “Dr. Livingstone, I presume?” became immortalized. |
| Boer War | was a conflict fought between the British Empire and the two Boer Republics over the Empire's influence in Southern Africa from 1899 to 1902. |
| Panama Canal | (construction 1904-1914) cut through the Isthmus of Panama and would cut travel time between the Atlantic and the Pacific oceans greatly as people no longer had to sail around the southern tip of South America. |
| Roosevelt Corollary | The Roosevelt Corollary was a United States foreign policy established by President Theodore Roosevelt in 1904. It stated that the U.S. would intervene in Latin American against Europeans if needed. |
| Social Darwinism | refers to various theories and societal practices that purported to apply biological concepts of natural selection and survival of the fittest to sociology, economics and politics. |
| Scientific Racism | sometimes termed biological racism, is the pseudoscientific belief that empirical evidence exists to support or justify racism (racial discrimination), racial inferiority, or racial superiority. |
| The Great Game | a political and diplomatic confrontation that existed for most of the 19th century and beginning of the 20th century between the British Empire and the Russian Empire over Afghanistan and neighboring territories |
| French Indochina | the three countries of Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia formerly associated with France, first within its empire and later within the French Union. |
| Suez Canal | built by the French in Egyptian territory across the Isthmus of Suez to facilitate ease of trade. |
| Queen Lili’uokalani | the only queen regnant and the last sovereign monarch of the Hawaiian Kingdom, ruling from January 29, 1891, until the overthrow of the Hawaiian Kingdom on January 17, 1893 by the United States. |
| Indian National Congress | the first modern nationalist movement to emerge in the British Empire in Asia and Africa. It was allowed by the British in response to Indian anger and unrest while under British control |
| Monroe Doctrine | Warns European nations that the United States would not tolerate further colonization or puppet monarchs. It said that the US would stay out of European affairs and that Europe should not interfere in the Western Hemisphere. |
| Russo-Japanese War | was fought between the Empire of Japan and the Russian Empire during 1904 and 1905 over rival imperial ambitions in Manchuria and the Korean Empire. It resulted in a loss for Russia and further Japanese influence in Asia. |
Created by:
clevelandv