DIFFERENTIAL REINFORCEMENT OF LOW RATES (DRL)

Reinforcement is provided only when a behaviour occurs at low rates

LIMITED-RESPONDING DRL

Sets a maximum number for behaviour frequency within a certain time-frame - Larger time periods can be divided into smaller time periods of reinforcement eg. every 50 minutes three times - for behaviour that is tolerable, but less is better

SPACED-RESPONDING DRL

A behaviour CANNOT occur within a specified interval but the first incident after the interval ends is reinforced. Behaviour is ok in small amounts. eg. calling out - If the behaviour occurs within the interval the timer starts again.

Compare and contrast spaced-responding DRL and a fixed-interval (FI) schedule.

Both reinforce the first incidence after then interval but, in a - fixed interval schedule, behaviour within the interval is ignored. -With spaced-responding, behaviour within the interval starts the timer again.

Explain how a spaced-responding DRL schedule differs from a fixed-duration (FD) schedule.

FD requires a behaviour to occur through out an interval. Spaced-responding DRL requires a behaviour does not occur throughout an interval.

DIFFERENTIAL REINFORCEMENT OF ZERO RESPONDING (DRO)

Reinforcement is provided if no behaviour occurs during the interval - used for intolerable behaviour - timer restarts if behaviour occurs. - DRO should be increased until the behaviour is occurring rarely AND the reinforcer is the minimum amount

DIFFERENTIAL REINFORCEMENT OF INCOMPATIBLE BEHAVIOUR (DRI)

Reinforcing a behaviour that cannot exist with the target behaviour - eg. sitting and standing

DIFFERENTIAL REINFORCEMENT OF ALTERNATIVE BEHAVIOUR (DRA)

Reinforcing a behaviour that is different but not incompatible with the target behaviour. - Use when possible - Better than extinction because it praises new and alternate behaviour

Describe the effects of too low a frequency of reinforcement for behaviour on DRL, DRO, DRI, and DRA schedules.

There isn't enough opportunity to reinforce steps towards appropriate behaviour.

Describe a potential pitfall or problem associated with the application of DRL schedules of reinforcement.

UNAWARE-MISAPPLICATION PITFALL - Reinforcing behavior on a DRL eg. a child exhibits brightness and is praised as they improve. - Praise halts - when they struggle they again are praised. - Only low levels of acheivement are being praised.

Describe the way in which rehearsal of a rule can augment the effectiveness of reinforcement schedules that decrease some measure of behaviour.

Rehearsal allows individuals additional occasions to practice of a desired behaviour especially when the target behaviour is occurring at a low rate

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BMOD 5B - Different

BMOD 5B - Differential Reinforcement Procedures to Decrease Behaviour

Question	Answer
DIFFERENTIAL REINFORCEMENT OF LOW RATES (DRL)	Reinforcement is provided only when a behaviour occurs at low rates
LIMITED-RESPONDING DRL	Sets a maximum number for behaviour frequency within a certain time-frame - Larger time periods can be divided into smaller time periods of reinforcement eg. every 50 minutes three times - for behaviour that is tolerable, but less is better
SPACED-RESPONDING DRL	A behaviour CANNOT occur within a specified interval but the first incident after the interval ends is reinforced. Behaviour is ok in small amounts. eg. calling out - If the behaviour occurs within the interval the timer starts again.
Compare and contrast spaced-responding DRL and a fixed-interval (FI) schedule.	Both reinforce the first incidence after then interval but, in a - fixed interval schedule, behaviour within the interval is ignored. -With spaced-responding, behaviour within the interval starts the timer again.
Explain how a spaced-responding DRL schedule differs from a fixed-duration (FD) schedule.	FD requires a behaviour to occur through out an interval. Spaced-responding DRL requires a behaviour does not occur throughout an interval.
DIFFERENTIAL REINFORCEMENT OF ZERO RESPONDING (DRO)	Reinforcement is provided if no behaviour occurs during the interval - used for intolerable behaviour - timer restarts if behaviour occurs. - DRO should be increased until the behaviour is occurring rarely AND the reinforcer is the minimum amount
DIFFERENTIAL REINFORCEMENT OF INCOMPATIBLE BEHAVIOUR (DRI)	Reinforcing a behaviour that cannot exist with the target behaviour - eg. sitting and standing
DIFFERENTIAL REINFORCEMENT OF ALTERNATIVE BEHAVIOUR (DRA)	Reinforcing a behaviour that is different but not incompatible with the target behaviour. - Use when possible - Better than extinction because it praises new and alternate behaviour
Describe the effects of too low a frequency of reinforcement for behaviour on DRL, DRO, DRI, and DRA schedules.	There isn't enough opportunity to reinforce steps towards appropriate behaviour.
Describe a potential pitfall or problem associated with the application of DRL schedules of reinforcement.	UNAWARE-MISAPPLICATION PITFALL - Reinforcing behavior on a DRL eg. a child exhibits brightness and is praised as they improve. - Praise halts - when they struggle they again are praised. - Only low levels of acheivement are being praised.
Describe the way in which rehearsal of a rule can augment the effectiveness of reinforcement schedules that decrease some measure of behaviour.	Rehearsal allows individuals additional occasions to practice of a desired behaviour especially when the target behaviour is occurring at a low rate

Created by: HarleeM

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