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ICP
Question | Answer |
---|---|
1st sign of increased ICP | change in mention |
last thing that happens before death w/ increased ICP? | herniation |
cranial nerve 9 and 10 test | cough an gag |
CN 5 | corneal reflex and blink |
CN 3 | pupillary response do every day |
Oculocephalic Reflex testing nerves? | contraindicated w/ pt.'s with SCI if pt. keeps looking at examiner= intact reaction (positive) if eyes turn were head is going = absent abnormal brain stem function 3,6,8 |
Cushings triad | irregular resp.(chynes stroke) bradycardia and increased SBP w/ widended pulse pressure |
lumbar puncture | L3 and L4 -contraindicated in increase ICP - can do it judicially to drain CSF -lateral recumbent position |
decrease glucose in CSF? | bacterial infection, meningitis |
regular ICP? | 0-15 regular >=20mmgh for >5min is increased ICP |
CPP normal range | 60-100 >100 is cerebral HTN <70 cerebral ischmia <40 irreversible brain ischmia |
kernig's | pain in the neck when extending the knee |
brudinski? | involuntary flexion of the hip when the neck is flexed towards the chest |
what do we level ventricular drain ? | external: tragus inside: foraman of monro |
what fracture do we see raccoon eyes and battle signs | basilar skull fracture |
epidural hematoma is ____ bleed? | arterial bleed |
pt. says worst HA of my life? | subarachnoid hemmorhge |
ipsilateral pupil change, what hematoma | epidural (same side ipsilateral pupil change) |
which one occurs in minutes to days? | subdural |
has 3 categories - involves venous artery -highest mortally rate -torn cortical vein most common cause -occurs within hours to days | subdural hematoma |
what is the most common cause of intra cerebral hematoma? | uncontrolled HTN |
safest rate to drain CSF? | 480/500ml/day 20ml/hr |
uncle herniation early signs | early: babinski, cheynes stokes, ipsilateral dilated pupil late: central-lateral hemiplasia, |
cerebellar tonsil herniation ? | decreased RR, bradycardia, decreased HR and cushngs |
subdural, what kind of bleed? | VENOUS S.V |
Epidural, what kind of bleed? | arterial bleed |
pt. comes in and says having worst HA of their life, what kind of hematoma? | SAH subarachnoid hemmorahe |
SAH tx: to prevent vasospasm? | nimodipine |
SAH is the rupture of the circle of? | SAH IS RUPTURE OF THE CIRCLE OF WILLIS |
SCI: | |
INJURY ON S2 S4= | SEXUAL DYSFUNCTION |
PT. SCI BELOW T12? | ERECTION BUT NO EJACULATION |
PT. SCI ABOVE T11? | ERECTION , 10% EJACULTION |
AUTONOMIC DYSREFELXIA? | ABOVE T6 |
C1 to C3 ? | VENTILATOR DEPENDENT |
C4 to C5 | AKA pt. needs phrenic nerve stimulator to breath PHRENIC NERVE INVOLVEMENT May need phrenic nerve pacemaker |
BELOW C5 – T6 | DIAPHRAGMATIC BREATHING IN TACT (ABLE TO breath on their own) with varied muscle impairment (intercostal and abdominal) |
SPINAL SHOCK S/S? | INCREASE BP, INCREASE TEMP BUT EVERYTHING GOES DOWN BOWEL AND BLADDER DYSFINCTION |
SPINAL SHOCK IS THE ELECTRICAL _____ FROM THE SPINAL CORD | SILENCE |
Autonomic Dysreflexia S/S | INCREASE BP POUNDING HA DECREASED HR BLURRED VISON -DIAPHORITIC *MEDICAL EMERGENCY * ABOVE T6 |