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8th Grade Unit 6
Unit 6 Vocabulary: Sexuality
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| sperm | male sex cells made up of a flagellum and nucleus; contain half of the male’s chromosomes |
| eggs/ova | female sex cells that contain half of the female’s chromosomes; stored in the ovaries; also called ova |
| ovaries | two small, almond-shaped organs in the lower abdomen that contain thousands of immature eggs |
| testes | organs suspended in the scrotum that produce sperm and testosterone |
| epididymis | coiled tubules at the top of the testes where sperm mature |
| vas deferens | tube that carries sperm from the epididymis to the penis |
| fertilization | union of a sperm and egg |
| ejaculation | series of muscular contractions that forcefully eject semen out of the urethral opening of the penis |
| uterus | hollow, muscular organ that houses the developing baby until it is born |
| fallopian tubes | tubes that lead from each ovary to each side of the uterus |
| vagina | tube-like structure lined with a moist membrane that serves as the birth canal |
| cervix | narrow passage that connects the uterus to the vagina |
| fetus | name for developing fetus from 8 weeks to birth |
| amniotic sac | fluid filled sac that contains and protects a fetus in the womb |
| placenta | thick, rich lining of tissue that builds up along the walls of the uterus and connects the mother and fetus |
| umblilical cord | a tube that connects the fetus and the mother's placenta; provides nourishment, oxygen delivery, and waste removal |
| erection | lengthening and hardening of the penis due to sexual stimulation; caused by blood flowing into the erectile tissue of the penis |
| vulva | the collective name for the external female genitalia located in the pubic region of the body |
| menstrual cycle | sequence of body changes in females coordinated by the hormones estrogen and progesterone |
| urethra | the tube that carries urine from the bladder; in males it also carries semen during ejaculation |
| sexually transmitted infection | communicable diseases that spread from one person to another during sexual activity; also called sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) |
| abstinence | abstaining from sexual activity; not having sex |
| asymptomatic | showing few or no signs of infection or disease |
| condom | device that acts as a barrier against pathogens during sexual activity; also acts as a barrier method of contraception |
| prostate | organ that secretes fluid that mixes with sperm to create semen |
| penis | male organ used in sexual activity; also part of the urinary system |
| labia | skin folds, including the labia majora and labia minora, that protect the vaginal opening |
| clitoris | mass of erectile tissue that swells and enlarges during sexual arousal |
| breasts | structures containing mammary glands that produce milk after childbirth in females |
| ovulation | release of a mature egg from one of the ovarian follicles |
| menstruation | shedding of the endometrial lining of the uterus; blood and some tissues pass through the vagina |
| Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) | symptoms that start one to two weeks before menstruation and stop when menstruation begins; include breast tenderness, acne, bloating, headaches, mood swings, or fatigue |
| chromosome | package of genes containing the blueprint for the structure and function of cells |
| conception | moment at which the sperm and egg combine |
| zygote | fertilized egg |
| germinal stage | stage of development that begins at conception and lasts about two weeks; |
| embryo | implanted, fertilized egg in the uterus |
| placenta | merged embryonic chorion and endometrial tissue that helps support the developing baby |
| fetal stage | stage that begins at the ninth week of pregnancy and lasts through birth; the fetus grows considerably |
| fetus | baby during the fetal stage until birth |
| cesarean section | surgical procedure to deliver a baby by removing it from the uterus; also called a C-section |
| labor | process that pushes a baby out of the uterus and through the vagina |
| adolescence | developmental stage between 12 and 19 years of age |
| puberty | physical changes that occur as the body’s reproductive system matures |
| contraception | any method that reduces the risk of pregnancy resulting from sexual activity |
| oral contraceptives | medications containing hormones that stop ovulation; are taken every day |
| birth control implant | flexible, toothpick-sized contraceptive device inserted under the skin of the upper arm; releases progestin to stop ovulation |
| intrauterine device (IUD) | small, T-shaped contraceptive device inserted into the uterus; copper IUDs interfere with sperm movement, and hormonal IUDs release hormones to thicken cervical mucus and inhibit ovulation |
| emergency contraception | contraceptive method used to prevent pregnancy when normal contraception has failed; includes the copper ParaGard® IUD and emergency contraceptive pills containing hormones |
| fertility awareness method (FAM) | contraceptive method that tracks a female’s cycle of fertility and avoids sexual activity on days an egg can be fertilized |
| vasectomy | surgical procedure that cuts or blocks the vas deferens, permanently preventing pregnancy |
| tubal ligation | surgical procedure that cuts or blocks the fallopian tubes, permanently preventing pregnancy |
Created by:
melissajaecks