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Chemistry Unit 13
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the unique properties of water | 1) high surface tension, 2)Low vapor pressure, 3)High heat capacity, 4) high heat of vaporization, 5)ice is less dense than liquid water, 6) Heat of fusion, 7) Water is a good solvent |
| What is an electrolyte | a molten or aqueous solution that conducts electricity |
| What is a strong electrolyte | complete dissociation with many ions |
| What is a weak electrolyte | partial dissociation with few ions |
| What is a non electrolyte | no dissociation with no ions |
| Emulsion | colloidal dispersion of liquid in liquid |
| Emulsifying agents | have both a polar and non polar end. It makes a colloidal dispersion that does not normally exist |
| Tyndall effect | visible light beam at right angle, colloid and suspension |
| Brownian motion | particles are small enough to remain suspended because of the random motion of the solvent particles |
| Solutions | Homogenous mixtures that can be solids, liquids, or gases |
| Agitation | stirring or shaking |
| What can affect the rate of solvation | agitation, increased temperature, and smaller particle size |
| Solubility | @ Dynamic equilibrium it can no longer dissolve more solute |
| Rate of solvation= | rate of precipitation |
| Unsaturated | seed crystal dissolves when added |
| Saturated | seed crystal does not dissolve, falls to the bottom |
| supersaturated | additional solute crystallizes out |
| As temperature increases so does | solubility |
| Gas solubility, as temperature increases solubility | decreases |
| Henry's law | solubility of a gas is directly related to pressure |
| Dilute | little water in solution |
| concentrated | much solute in solution |
| Molarity | moles of solute/liters of solution |
| Molality | moles solute/kg solvent |
| (percent concentration) if solute is a liquid | (vol. of solute/vol. of solution)x100 |
| (percent concentration) if solute is a solid | (mass of solute/vol. of solution)x100 or (mass of solute/mass of solution) x100 |
| Dilutions | add water to a concentrated solution to make a more dilute solution, number of moles of solute does not change |
| (M1) M1V1=M2V2 | concentration of shelf solution |
| (M2) M1V1=M2V2 | concentration you want |
| (V2) M1V1=M2V2 | volume you want |
| (V1) M1V1=M2V2 | volume of shelf solution needed |
| mole fraction | moles A/Moles of A+B |
Created by:
sophiesoup13
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