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Sociology
Chapter11
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| economy | determine how a society produces, distributes, and consumes goods and service |
| politics | individuals and groups acquire and exercise power and authority and make decisions |
| monopoly | dominations of a particular market or industry by one person or company |
| oligopoly | domination of a market by a few large producers or suppliers |
| socialism | an economic system based on the public ownership of the production of goods and services |
| communism | a political and economic system in which property is communally owned and all people are considered equal |
| welfare capitalism | an economic system that combines private ownership of property, market competition, and government's regulation of many programs and services |
| corporation | an organization that has legal rights, privileges, and liabilities apart from those of its members |
| conglomerate | a corporation that owns a collection of companies in different industries |
| interlocking directorate | the same people serve on the boards of directives of several companies or corporations |
| transnation conglamerate | a corporation that owns a collection of different companies in various industries in a number of countries |
| work | a physical or mental activity that produces goods or services |
| deindustrialization | social and economic change that reduces industrial activity, especially manufacturing |
| globalization | the growth and spread of investment, trade, production, communication, and new technology around the world |
| offshoring | sending work or jobs to another country to cut a company's cost at home |
| discouraged workers | people who stop looking for work because they believe that job hunting is futile |
| motherhood penalty | a pay gap between women who are and aren't mothers |
| government | a formal organization that has the authority to make and enforce laws |
| democracy | a political system in a which, ideally, citizens have control over the stole and its actions |
| totalitarianism | the government controls almost every aspect of people's lives |
| authoritarianism | the state controls the lives of citizens but permits some degree of individual freedom |
| monarchy | power is based on heredity and posses from generation to generation |
| power | the ability of a person or group to influence others, even if they resist |
| authority | the legitimate use of power |
| traditional authority | power based on customs that justify the ruler's position |
| charismatic authority | power based on exceptional individual abilities and characteristics that inspire devotion, trust, and obedience |
| rational legal authority | power based on the belief that laws and appointed or elected political leaders are ligitimate |
| political party | and organization that ties to influence and control government by recruiting, nominating, and electing its members to public office |
| special interest group | a group of people that seeks or receives benefits or special treatment |
| political action committee (PAC) | a special interest group that raises money to elect one or more candidates to public office |
| lobbyist | someone hired by a special interest group to influence legislation on the group's behalf |
| pluralism | a political system in which power is distributed among a variety of competing groups in a society |
| power elite | a small group of influential people who make the nation's major political decisions |
Created by:
nurseamber