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5th Grade Science!
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| sound | a form of energy we can hear, travels as waves through matter |
| pitch | How high or low a sound is. A flute has a high pitch and a tuba has a low pitch. |
| volume | How loud or soft a sound is. A mouse makes a soft sound and an airplane makes a loud sound. |
| medium | the matter through which a wave travels (solid, liquid, gas) |
| vibrate | move back and forth very quickly |
| absorb | To soak in. |
| reflect | To bounce back. |
| transmit | To go through. |
| echo | when sound waves reflect (bounce off) a hard, solid surface and can be heard again |
| wave | a change that carries energy from one place to another |
| molecules | a group of two or more atoms bonded together |
| visible light (visible spectrum) | Energy that the human eye can see |
| Medium | Solids, liquids, and gases |
| reflect | When light or sound bounces off a surface |
| refract | When light enters a medium and bends |
| absorb | When light enters a medium and is taken in, or warmed up OR when sound is taken into a medium and muffled |
| lens | A curved transparent material that refracts light |
| translucent | Some light goes through, some is absorbed |
| transparent | Light goes through a clear object |
| opaque | No light passes through: it reflects or is absorbed |
| prism | A solid, three sided object that refracts white light. The light comes out at different speeds to show the rainbow |
| ROY G BIV | Red / orange / yellow / green / blue / indigo / violet |
| energy | how things change and move |
| solid | objects that keep their shape with tightly packed particles |
| liquid | matter that flows easily with medium spaced particles |
| gas | air-like matter that moves freely with spaced out particles |
| temperature | the measure of hotness or coldness |
| organism | an individual animal, plant, or single-celled living thing |
| population | MORE than one organism in an ecosystem that are the same |
| community | ALL the living factors in the same ecosystem |
| ecosystem | All the living and nonliving factors in the same area |
| biome | a large area filled with similar ecosystems |
| niche | the "job" of an organism in its environment |
| producer | plants, make their own food |
| consumer | living things that must eat other organisms |
| decomposer | living things that break down dead things (bacteria, fungus, etc) |
| ecology | the science that studies relationships between living things and their environment |
| habitat | a place where an animal lives |
| photosynthesis | process in which green plants use sunlight to make their own food |
| predator | an animal that lives mostly by killing and eating other animals; a hunter |
| prey | an animal that is hunted or killed by another animal for food |
| herbivore | animals that only eat plants |
| carnivore | an animal which eats only meat |
| omnivore | an animal that eats plants and other animals |
| scavenger | an animal that feeds on dead or decaying organisms |
| food chain | a single path of one organism eating another; starts with a producer, ends with a decomposer |
| food web | many food chains overlapping |
| biotic factors | living things in an ecosystem |
| abiotic factors | nonliving things in an ecosystem, light, water, minerals, air, temperature, etc |
| species | a group of similar organisms |
| symbiosis | a close relationship between two different kinds of organisms, or living things |
| mutualism | a symbiotic relationship where both organisms benefit |
| parasitism | a symbiotic relationship where one benefits and one is harmed |
| commensalism | a symbiotic relationship where one species benefits and the other is not affected |
| threatened / vulnerable | a species whose numbers are dropping and could become endangered |
| endangered | a species in danger of becoming extinct |
| extinct | a species no longer seen in the wild |
| invasive species | nonnative species that upset the ecosystem where introduced |
| native species | plants and animals original to an area |
| Controlled variable | the parts of the experiment that stay the same |
| Independent variable | the ONE thing that is changed in an experiment |
| Dependent variable | the ONE thing that is measured in an experiment - changes because of the independent variable |
| problem | the question asked and investigated in an experiment |
| research | background information prior to an experiment |
| hypothesis | an educated guess - a prediction of what will result in an experiment |
| experiment | the step by step process followed in a science problem |
| observation | what you notice during an experiment - use your senses to make note |
| conclusion | the answer to the problem from an experiment - the results |
| axis | an imaginary line through the center of an object |
| asteroid | large, irregularly shaped, rocky bodies that orbit the Sun |
| gravity | an invisible force that pulls objects toward each other |
| satellite | a natural or man-made object that orbits around a planet or star |
| comet | a small chunk of dust and ice that orbits the Sun |
| orbit | the path of an object around a moon, planet, or star |
| revolution | the movement of one object around another; an orbit |
| rotation | when something turns on its axis |
| asteroid belt | a ring of asteroids orbiting the Sun; located between Mars and Jupiter |
| celestial bodies | natural objects outside of Earth's atmosphere |
| craters | round, hollow areas in the ground made by large space rocks |
| meteor | a meteoroid that burns up as it passes through the Earth's atmosphere ; "shooting star" |
| meteorite | space rocks that land on the surface of Earth |
| meteoroid | small chunks of rock that travel through space |
| dwarf planet | space bodies that orbit the Sun; too large to be asteroids, too small to be planets; may cross over another orbit |
| solar system | the Sun and everything that revolves around it |
| constellation | a small group of visible stars that form a pattern when viewed from Earth |
| galaxy | a group of millions of stars, clouds of gas, and dust that move together through the universe |
| super nova | the explosion of a star |
| black hole | an area where gravity is so strong that nothing around it can escape, not even light |
| astronomy | the study of the universe and everything in it |
| universe | everything that exists in space |
| stars | huge glowing balls of gases |
| spiral galaxy | a galaxy with "arms" coming from a bulge in the center |
| elliptical galaxy | a dim galaxy with a football shape, oldest type of galaxy |
| irregular galaxy | a galaxy that does not have a set shape, youngest type of galaxy |
| barred spiral galaxy | a type of spiral galaxy with a bright line through the middle |
| force | an interaction between objects; a push or pull |
| contact force | force where two objects physically touch each other |
| Noncontact forces | force that results when two objects do not touch each other (gravity, magnetic force, electric force) |
| Friction | a force that opposes motion |
| Gravity | a force of attraction, or pull, between two objects |
| Balanced force | forces equal in strength but act in opposite directions; no motion |
| Unbalanced force | when the forces acting on an object are not equal and balanced, causes an object’s motion to change |
| Net force | the sum of forces acting on an object |
| Newtons | the unit of measurement for force |
| Motion | the movement of an object |
| Velocity | the speed AND direction of an object’s motion |
| Acceleration | how velocity changes over time; to speed up |
| Inertia | the tendency to resist change in motion |
| Momentum | the amount of motion an object has |
| Speed | the distance an object moves in an amount of time |
| Deceleration | to slow down or stop |
| transmit | to go through |
| thermal energy | energy contained within an object which is responsible for its temperature |
| fungi | decompoesrs that include mushrooms, molds and yeast |
| thriving | a population that increases or stays about the same |
| data | facts and information collected for analysis |
| analyze | to discover something through examination |
| classify | to assign something to a category |
| examine | to inspect something in great detail |
| interpret | to explain the meaning of information |
| evaluate | to assess or form an idea |
| apply/extend | to use background knowledge in order to explain your thoughts |
| elliptical | a slightly oval shape |
| navigation | finding the way from place to place |
| luminosity | measure of brightness |
| mass | the amount of matter an object contains |
| movement | the act of changing locations or positions |
Created by:
PRO Teacher
suzyparnell