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HSA words
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Alliteration | The repetition of the same consonant sound at the beginning of two or more words |
| Analyze | To examine, closely study, and evaluate a text by breaking down and examining its elements to comprehend its meaning |
| Antithesis | The opposite of |
| Antonym | A word that means the opposite of another word |
| Base Word | A word to which affixes may be added to create related words |
| Bias | A general tendency or leaning in one direction, a partiality toward one view over another |
| Character | A person, animal, or an imaginary being in a narrative |
| Characterization | The techniques an author uses to develop a character: description of physical appearance, thoughts and feelings, speech, and behavior |
| Cognate | A word related to one in another language, such as theater (English) and theatre (French) |
| Colloquialism | Language that is familiar, informal everyday talk. Movies is an informal term for the more formal term cinema. |
| Compound word | A combination of two or more words that function as a single unit of meaning, such as barefoot |
| Conclusion | A decision based on details or facts in a story or article |
| Connotation | An idea or feeling associated with a word in addition to its literal meaning. Hysterical has a stronger connotation than laughable |
| consonant blend | A combination of two or three consecutive consonants each representing a distinct sound (i.e., thr, br) |
| context clue | Information surrounding a word or phrase (i.e., words, phrases, sentences, or syntax) that gives clues to its meaning |
| Contraction | the shortening of a written or spoken word or expression by omission of one or more letters or sounds, such as can't |
| Culture | the ideas, activities (art, foods, businesses), and ways of behaving that are special to a country, people, or region |
| Decode | To pronounce a word by applying knowledge of letter/sound correspondences and phonetic generalizations |
| Denotation | A literal dictionary meaning of a word |
| Diction | A choice of words to express an idea accurately |
| Digraph | Two letters that represent one speech sounds (i.e., autumn, snow) |
| Diphthong | a vowel sound produced by two adjacent vowels in the same syllable whose sounds blend together (i.e., oy, ow) |
| Drama | a form of literature to be acted out before an audience |
| Ethnicities | The characteristics, langauge, and customs of a race, or country of people |
| Etymology | The origin or history of words |
| Figurative language | Language enriched by word meanings and figures of speech (i.e.. similes, metaphors, personification, hyperbole |
| Figures of speech | words or groups of words the writer doesn't mean literally, such as similes (thin as a reed), metaphors (...traffic is a high energy current jumping constantly between the poles of Brooklyn and New Jersey), and personification (...the very skins of the dr |
| Flashback | an event in a narrative presented out of sequence from an earlier time |
| Fluency | The ability to easily speak, read, or write a language; automatic word recognition, rapid decoding, and checking for meaning |
| Folk tale | stories passed by word of mouth from generation to generation |
| Folklore | Traditions, customs, and stories passed down within a culture |
| Foreshadow | Hints or clues in a text that suggests what may occur later in a narrative |
| Generalization | A broad statement about a subject based on provided information |
| Genre | A category used to define literary works, usually by form, technique, or content (i.e., poetry, realistic fiction, historical fiction, play, and folklore) |
| Glossed words | Words which are defined within the text |
| graphic organizer | visual representations of information used for constructing meaning in reading, writing, and speaking |
| haiku | A form of Japanese poetry which has three lines focused on a single element |
| homograph | one of two or more words alike in spelling but different in meaning, derivation, pronunciation; for example, the noun conduct and the verb conduct are homographs |
| homophone/homonym | one of two or more words alike in pronunciation but different in meaning, derivation, or spelling (i.e., to, two, too) |
| hyperbole | a statement where truth is exaggerated for effect |
| hypertext | online highlighted or underlined text that take a user to another website which has related information |
| Idiom/Idiomatic expression | A phrase whose meaning cannot be understood from the literal meaning of the words in it |
| Illustration | Artwork, photography, or other pictures |
| Imagery | Words and phrases that appeal to the five senses |
| Inference | a logical guess based on text evidence I made an inference about the child's height when i saw his tall parents. |
| Inflectional ending | The change of form that words undergo to mark distinctions such as number and tense (i.e., ing, s, es) |
| Informational text | text that conveys or explains information |
| Instructional level text | text that is challenging but manageable for the reader, with no more than approximately 1 in 10 words that are difficult for reader (90% accuracy); Source: Put Reading First by the Center for the Improvement of Early Reading Achievement (CIERA), September |
| Internalize | To make vocabulary and concepts a part of one's learning |
| Irony | The contrast between what is said and what is meant or the contrast between what appears to be and what actually is |
| Literary Text | A wide range of texts that tell a story to make a point, express a personal opinion, or provide an enjoyable experience |
| Message | The author's thought about a topic in information text |
| Metaphor | A stated comparison of two things that have some quality in common not using words |
| Mood | The feeling a text creates within a reader |
| Narrative text | A text that tells a story |
| Novella | A short novel |
| Onomatopoeia | The use of words that sound like the natural noises they name |
| Onset | The initial consonant |
| Organization structure/pattern | The way facts and details are arranged in a text that helps the reader |
| Paraphrase | A restatement of a text in a reader's own words |
| Peripheral information | Information in a text that is not of central importance |
| Personification | A statement that an inanimate object has lifelike characteristics |
| Perspective | A reference to an author's beliefs and attitudes |
| Phonemes | A minimal sound unit of speech, such as single letters |
| Phonemic awareness | The ability to hear, identify, and manipulate individual sounds (phonemes) in spoken words |
| Plausibility | An appearance of reality in a literary text |
| Plot | The action or sequence of events in a story |
| Point of view | The perspective from which an author tells a story. The two major points of view are first and third person |
| Prefix | A word part added to the beginning of a root or base word to create a new meaning |
| Primary source | An original source, such as someone's diary or journal, a survey or interview, letters, autobiographies, and observations |
| Print feature | Type of text feature that relates to print such as font style, color, and size |
| R-controlled vowel | The modified sound of a vowel immediately preceding /r/ in the same syllable, such as car, birth, curl |
| Rhetorical question | A question that is asked for effect where no answer is expected |
| Rimes | Part of a syllable that contains the vowel and all that follows it (i.e., the rime of bag is ag and the rime of swim is im) |
| Secondary Source | A source that contains information that other people have gathered and interpreted, extended, analyzed, or evaluated, such as newspaper articles, a documentary on television, a website, a science text, and an encyclopedia entry |
| Setting | The place and time when a story occurs |
| Sight word | A word that is immediately recognized as a whole word and does not require word analysis for identification |
| Simile | A stated comparison of two things that have some quality in common using the words like or as |
| Stanza | A group of two or more lines of poetry |
| Style | The way an author uses language to express ideas including word choice, sentence structure, figurative language, repetition, symbols,dialogue, imagery, etc... |
| Suffix | A word part that is added to the end of a root word |
| Summarize | A recounting of the important ideas of a text |
| Symbolism | The use of a person, place, item, etc... that represents an abstract idea |
| Synonym | A word that has a meaning identical with, or very similar to, another word in the some language |
| Syntax | The way in which the words and phrases of a sentence are ordered that shows how the relate to each other |
| Synthesize | To examine, closely study, and evaluate how individual text elements work together as a whole by combination the knowledge of one text element to the analysis if an additional element |
| Text feature | An important feature if literary and informational text that facilitates understanding for the reader |
| Theme | The author's message about a topic within a text |
| Tone | An author's attitude toward a subject |
| Trade books | Books published for a general readership rather that specifically for the classroom |
| Transition words and phrases | Words or phrases that signal a change from one idea to another |
| URL | Uniform Resource Locator is the address of a website |
| Vignette | short, descriptive, literary sketch |
| Word root | The main part of a word to which a prefix and/or suffix my be added to make another word, such as actor |
Created by:
davidpham613
Popular English Vocabulary sets