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| Definition | Answer |
|---|---|
| A series of events that marked the emergence of Modern Science. | Scientific Revolution |
| The period when developments in __________, __________, __________, __________, and __________ transformed the views of the society about nature. | mathematics, physics, astronomy, biology, chemistry |
| It refers to historical changes in thoughts & beliefs, to changes in social & institutional organization. | Scientific Revolution |
| Where and when does Scientific Revolution took place? | Europe towards the end of the Renaissance period (1280- 1400) and continued through the late 18th century. |
| The Scientific Revolution influenced the intellectual social movement known as: | Enlightenment |
| What are the driving forces behind the scientific revolution? | creativity, critical thinking, curiosity (Alphabetical order) curiosity, creativity, critical thinking (Sequential order) |
| Man‘s desire __________, __________, and __________ the world made him realized a different conceptual, methodological and institutional approaches to the natural world. | to know, to discover, to explore |
| Was one of the most important moment in the history of humanity. | Scientific Revolution |
| It was a time of great inventions and great thinkers. | Scientific Revolution |
| The shift in the way people conceptualized the natural world began when __________ asserted a heliocentric (sun-centered) cosmos. | Nicolas Copernicus |
| It positioned the Sun near the center of the Universe, motionless, with Earth and the other planets orbiting around it in circular paths modified by epicycles and at uniform speeds. | Heliocentric (sun-centered) cosmos |
| Nicolas Copernicus' name at birth was? | Mikolaj Kopernik |
| Where did Nicolas Copernicus came from? | Warmia, Northern Poland |
| The Latin form of the name Mikolaj Kopernik: | Nicolas Copernicus |
| What are the courses Nicolas Copernicus studied? | astronomy, mathematics, philosophy, and the sciences |
| In his final year at the University of Krakow, Copernicus wrote during his own observations on __________, and __________. | mathematics and astronomy |
| Copernicus was sent to __________, to study __________. | Bologna, Italy / canon law |
| Nicolas preferred to spend his time studying __________ and __________, and learning __________, since many of the astronomy works were in Greek. | astronomy, mathematics, Ancient Greek |
| In 1501, at the age of 28, he studied __________ and successfully gained the Doctor of Law. | medicine |
| Copernicus acted as __________ and __________ to his uncle working as a government official, economist and even assuming leadership in a time of war. | secretary, physician |
| Copernicus became friends and an informal apprentice of Italian astronomer __________ . | Domenico Maria Novara |
| It became clear to Copernicus that there were errors in the __________ as other Italian academicians also who casted doubts on Ptolemy‘s works. | geocentric doctrine of Ptolemy |
| In a hand-written document, he put forth his view of the universe, citing these points on his heliocentric universe theory: (1-3) | • The earth is not the center of the universe. • The center of the universe is near the sun. • The earth-sun distance is negligible compared to the distance to the stars. |
| In a hand-written document, he put forth his view of the universe, citing these points on his heliocentric universe theory: (4-5) | • Earth‘s rotation on its own axis accounts for the apparent daily rotation of the stars. • The apparent annual cycle of movements of the sun is seen because the earth is orbiting it. |
| In a hand-written document, he put forth his view of the universe, citing these points on his heliocentric universe theory: (6) | • The apparent retrograde motion of the planets is caused by the fact we observe them from a moving location, because the earth is orbiting the sun. |
| By __________, Copernicus had identified Earth‘s place in the universe. | 1532 |
| He finished writing the first manuscript of his groundbreaking book __________ - __________. | De Revolutionibus Orbium Coelestium – The Revolutions of the Celestial Spheres |
| The book was not published right away because he was concerned on the __________ it would get. | reception |
| Year before his death in __________ , the book became known to the public. | 1543 |
| It became a major event in the history of science, triggering the Copernican Revolution and making an important contribution to the Scientific Revolution. | De Revolutionibus Orbium Coelestium – The Revolutions of the Celestial Spheres |
| “There may be babblers, wholly ignorant of mathematics, who dare to condemn my hypothesis, upon the authority of some part of the Bible twisted to suit their purpose. I value them not, and scorn their unfounded judgment.” | NICOLAUS COPERNICUS (1473 – 1543) |
| He came from a line of wealthy scientists. His father was a medical doctor and his grandfather, a botanist. He was a naturalist and biologist known for his theory of evolution and the process of natural selection. | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Charles Robert Darwin was born in the merchant town of __________ in __________ . | Shrewsbury, England |
| When Darwin graduated in 1831 with a degree in arts he was recommended by his professor to a naturalist position aboard the __________ that was on a __________ journey around the world. | HMS Beagle / five-year |
| Through hands-on research and experimentation, he had the unique opportunity to closely observe principles of __________, __________, and __________. | botany, geology, zoology |
| The __________ and __________ were of particular interest to Darwin, as was __________. | Pacific Islands, Galapagos Archipelago, South America |
| Prior to Darwin's journey, time __________ of unknown and extinct animals were discovered. | fossilized bones |
| The 18th century geologist __________ suggested that past development of the earth could be explained by some kind of changes that are still in progress (slow geological change) but had little impact. | James Hutton |
| In his return to England, he wrote his findings in __________, wherein the journey had an immense effect on Darwin‘s view of natural history. | The Journal of Researches |
| Charles Darwin began to develop a __________ contrary to the popular view as he felt that only a theory of the progressive development of life could explain the fossil evidence. | revolutionary theory |
| They believed that species remained the same throughout time. But __________ thought differently. | Darwin |
| Charles Darwin came to a conclusion of __________. | natural selection |
| A summary of his work over the period of twenty years was published in 1859. | The Origin of Species |
| Darwin‘s __________ declared that species survived through a process called "natural selection". | theory of evolution |
| __________ is where those that successfully adapted, or evolved, to meet the changing requirements of their natural habitat thrived, while those that failed to evolve and reproduce died off. | Natural selection |
| Darwin‘s __________ and the process of __________ later became known simply as "__________ ." | theory of evolution / natural selection / Darwinism |
| Sigmund Freud was born on __________ in __________. | May 6, 1856 / Moravia(Pribor), Czech Republic |
| He took medicine in the University of Vienna. As a medical student and young researcher, __________ research focused on neurobiology, exploring the biology of brains and nervous tissue of humans and animals. | Sigmund Freud |
| Sigmund Freud worked at the Vienna General Hospital and collaborated with __________ in treating hysteria by the recall of painful experiences under hypnosis. | Josef Breuer |
| In 1885, Freud went to Paris as a student of the neurologist __________ . | Jean Charcot |
| Freud set up in private practice, specializing in __________ and __________ disorders. | nervous, brain |
Created by:
Jemima Kristin