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Ch 7 - Chemical Rxns

Ch 7 - Chemical Reactions

TermDefinition
chemical reaction the transformation of one or more substance into different substances
gas evolution reactions reactions that occur in liquids and form a gas
combustion reactions emitting heat and forming one or more oxygen-containing compounds - redox reaction
oxidation-reduction reaction electrons are transferred from one substance to another - redox reactions - many involve the reaction of a substance with oxygen
evidence of chemical reaction 1. formation of a solid 2. formation of a gas 3. heat absorption or emission 4. light emission 5. color change
aqueous solution a homogenous mixture of a substance with water
soluble a compound the dissolves in a liquid
insoluble does not dissolve in a liquid
precipitation reactions reactions that form a solid
precipitate the solid formed upon mixing two aqueous solutions
molecular equation an equation showing the complete neutral formulas for every compound in the reaction
complete ionic equation show the reactants and products as they are actually present in solution
spectator ions the ions in solution that are unchanged on both sides of the equation
net ionic equation show only the species that actually participate in the reaction
acid-base reactions neutralization reaction - form water and an ionic compound called a salt
oxidation loss of electrons - LEO
reduction gain of electrons - GER
Redox reactions are those in which: 1. a substance reacts with elemental oxygen 2. a metal reacts with a nonmetal 3. more generally, one substance transfers electrons to another substance
synthesis or combination reaction simpler substances combine to form more complex substances; A + B --> AB
decomposition reaction a complex substance decomposes to form simpler substances AB --> A + B
single-displacement reaction one element displaces another in a compound A + BC --> AC + B
double-replacement reaction two elements or groups of elements in two different compounds exchange places to form two new compounds AB + CD --> AD + CB
Created by: droesener
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