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Anatomy of joints
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are joints | Functional connections between joints and sometimes cartliage |
| What are the joints function in the human body? | They give mobility and stability to the skeleton. Connections between the moveable parts of our body |
| Classifying a joint can be based on what 2 factors | Its structure and function |
| What are the 3 structures a joint could fall into to? | 1. Fibrious 2. cartliaginous 3. synovial |
| What is a fibrous joint structure? | bones joined by collagen, are synarthrosis and have no joint cavity |
| What are the 3 types of fibrious joints ? | 1. Syndesmosis 2. suture 3. Gomphosis |
| What is a Cartilaginous stucture? | joined by cartliage, no joint cavity and are either synarthrosis or amphiarthrosis |
| What are the 2 types of cartliagnous joints | 1. synchondrosis 2. Symphysis |
| What is a synovial joints structure? | Bones have a joint cavity, filled with fluid |
| Synovial joints are futher categorised based on the shape of the articulating surface. What are the 6 categories ? | 1. gliding 2. hinge 3. pivot 4. condylar 5. saddle 6. ball and socket |
| Joints are also calssifed based off their movement. What are the 3 functional categories for joints? | 1. synarthrosis ( little movement) 2. amphriarthrosis ( some movement) 3. diaphrosis( large degree of movement) |
| Diaphrosis has classifcations based on the movement around the planes of the body. What are the 4 diaphrosis movement classifications? | 1. nonaxial 2. monoaxial 3. biaxial 4. multiaxial |
| A Synovial joint structure has 6 distniushing point( to really make sure it is a synovial joint and is diaphrositc in movement) | 1. articular cartliage 2. joint cavity filled with fluid ---this is the main one 3. articular fibre 4. liagments( connecting bone to bone) 5. Nerves and blood vessels 6. Bones |
| What are the factors that influence the stability of synovial joints? | Size, shape, and arrangement of the articular surface |
| What is the articular surface? | the articular surface is the connection of two bones |
| what are the 2 types of articular fibre? | outer firbious layer and an inner synovial membrane |
| What are the accessory structure of a joint? | 1. menisci( seperates surface of joint) 2. Fat pads- cushioning between fibrious layers of capsule and bone) 3. tendons 4. Bursae-fluid filled capsules that surround entire joint |
| Joints with lots of movement are more or less stable than those that have lots of liagements | They are less stable as they are allowed more ROM which affects their ability to hold their own when slack( loss of tension) |
| Movements in joints are limited by what 4 factors | 1. shape of articulating surface 2. mensici 3. liagments and the joint capsule 4. muscle tone and tnesion |
| What are 5 main synovial joints | 1. knee 2. shoulder 3. elbow 4. ankle 5. hip |
| What are the 3 main types of movements in synovial joints? | 1. Gliding 2. Angular roations 4 rotation |
| gliding movements occurs when | one flat bone glides over another intercarpal and intertarpal joints this occurs |
| Angular roations occur when | angle increase or decrease inbetween bones |
| What are some examples of other movements | flexor and extensor, dorsal and plantar extesions |
| A hinge joint is when | a cylinder nests in a trough e.g elbow joint |
| A pivot joint is when a | axle fits into a sleeve e.g C1 and C2 which allows us to move head L 2 R and Up and Down |
| What is a cndylar joint | is an oval shape joint e.g are the joints in the wrist |
| What is a saddle joint | Is a concave and convex area e.g thumb movement Abduction and Adduction movement |
| What is an example of a ball and socket joint | Shoulder joint |
Created by:
hickleyberry26