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King Vocab Chem 1
Unit 1 Vocab: matter, elements, compounds, measurement
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| the simplest form of matter that has a unique set of properties; an element cannot be broken down into simpler substances by chemical means | element |
| a substance that contains two or more elements chemically combined in a fixed proportion | compound |
| a change that produces matter with a different composition than the original matter | chemical change |
| a one- or two-letter representation of an element | chemical symbol |
| an arrangement of elements in which the elements are separated into groups based on a set of repeating properties | periodic table |
| a horizontal row of elements in the periodic table | period |
| a vertical column of elements in the periodic table; the constituent elements of a group have similar chemical and physical properties | group |
| SI Base Units of Measurement of length | meter |
| SI Base Units of Measurement of mass | kilogram |
| SI Base Units of Measurement of temperature | Kelvin |
| SI Base Units of Measurement of time | seconds |
| SI Base Units of Measurement of Amount of a Substance | mole |
| an amount of space having length, width, and height.\ | volume |
| an SI unit of volume equal to a cube 10 centimeters on a side, or 1,000 centimeters cubed | liter |
| a unit of volume equal to a cube 1 cm on a side, or 1 centimeters cubed | milliliter |
| property of a substance that describes how much matter the substance contains per unit volume; typical units are grams per cubic centimeter | density |
| an action, such as a push or a pull, that has the ability to change the motion of an object, such as to start it moving, stop it, or turn it | force |
| describes how close a measurement is to the true value | accuracy |
| describes how close measured values are to each other | precision |
| a method of writing numbers as a base times a power of 10 | scientific notation |
| a decimal number that multiplies the power of 10 in scientific notation | coefficient or mantissa |
| the unwritten rules that govern everything in the universe | natural laws |
| an explanation that is supported by evidence | theory |
| tentative explanation for something, or a tentative answer to a question | hypothesis |
| a situation specially set up to observe how something happens or to test a hypothesis | experiment |
| quantity that is measured or changed in an experiment or observation | variable |
| these are kept constant during an experiment | control |
| the single variable that is changed to test its effect | experimental variable |
| Another name for independent variable | manipulative variable or experimental variable |
| variable that relies on the change of independent variable | dependent variable |
| another name for the dependent variable | responding variable |
| describes only what actually occurred without opinion or bias | objective |
| material that has mass and takes up space | matter |
| the physical forms of matter: solid, liquid, and gas (and plasma) | phases |
| measure of a system’s ability to change or create change in other systems, typically measured in joules | energy: |
| stored energy due to the position of an object | potential energy |
| the energy of motion | kinetic energy |
| law of nature that states that energy can never be created or destroyed, just converted from one form into another | law of conservation of energy |
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