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Logical Fallacies
English 10 Logical Fallacies
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Appeal to False Authority | An appeal to false authority (or argument from false authority) is a fallacious argument that relies on the statements of a false authority figure, who is framed as a credible authority on the topic being discussed. |
| Card Stacking | To purposefully only present evidence that would support your claims and to purposely suppress evidence that would contradict your argument. |
| Either/Or | To present a situation as if there are only two possible outcomes and that the situation is either one way or another. |
| Begging the Question | To form a questionable or false idea in the form of a question and thereby presenting it as partially true. |
| Tokenism | In this fallacy, a one-time event is portrayed as a trend or a common practice. |
| Ad Hominem | This fallacy involves attacking the person rather than their argument. |
| Common Practice/2 Wrongs Make a Right | This fallacy implies that because a wrong is committed by multiple people, then it must not be wrong. |
| Equivocation or White Lies | The fallacy of equivocation occurs when a key term or phrase in an argument is used in an ambiguous way, with one meaning in one portion of the argument and then another meaning in another portion of the argument. |
| Appeal to Ignorance | This fallacy occurs when you argue that your conclusion must be true, because there is no evidence against it. |
| Composition | This fallacy implies that because a small part of a greater whole has a certain feature, then the whole will also have that feature. |
| Division | This fallacy implies that because an overall whole has a certain feature that all of the individual parts also have that feature |
| Slippery Slope | This fallacy starts with premise A then implies through a series of unprovable steps that some conclusion (positive or negative) will be the result. |
| Appeal to Traditional Wisdom | This fallacy implies that because a wrong has been committed as part of a "tradition" or a "way of life" of "it's the way things have always been," then it must not be wrong. |