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Periodic Table
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Polonium | Po Poisonous silver grey solid at room temp Marie and Pierre Curie discovered it in 1898 Element |
| Element | Each element is made of its own type of atom. Can't split an element into anything simpler Each element has its own symbol |
| Platinum | Pt Silvery white element Not poisonous Metal so good conductor of electricity Does not react with most other chemicals Does not react with dilute acid Found in jewellery. |
| Computer hard disks store information in layers of | Platinum and Cobalt (Co) |
| What element in catalytic converters reduces pollution from cars? | Platinum |
| Foods rich in potassium | raisins, peanuts, bananas keeps heart, kidneys and nerves working |
| Compound | contain atoms of two or more elements joined together |
| What happens when you add potassium to water? | It catches fire and zooms around on the surface of the water to make an alkaline solution and hydrogen gas |
| What happens when you add Chlorine (Cl) to water? | It reacts to make hydrochloric acid and a solution that bleaches things |
| Russian spy poisoned by polonium | Alexander Litvinenko |
| How many elements on periodic table | At least 111 |
| Why is position on the periodic table important? | knowing the position of an element helps to predict what it is like and how it will behave |
| Metals on the Periodic Table | Left of the stepped diagonal line |
| Transition metals | Around 30 inc gold, copper and iron. Shiny and conduct well Malleable (easily bent or hammered into shape) React slowly or not at all with water, air and acid. Used to make water pipes, electric cables and jewellery |
| Alkali metal group | Inc Lithium, sodium and potassium Siny when freshly cut Conduct electricity well More reactive than transition metals |
| Non metals | On the right of the stepped diagonal line Dont usually conduct electricity All gases are non-metals |
| Most common element in universe | Hydrogen (H) |
| What makes street lights glow orange | Sodium (Na) |
| Vital for teeth and bones | Calcium (Ca) |
| Transition metal that conducts well | Copper (Cu) |
| Found near volcanoes | Sulfur (S) |
| Non metal, most common element in earths atmosphere | Nitrogen (N) |
| Two of the most common elements in Earth's crust | Oxygen ()) and Silicon (Si) (Aluminium third) |
| All living things contain ... | Carbon (C) |
| Silver | Used to make jewellery (Ag) |
| Second most common element in the Universe | Helium (He) |
| Most metal things we use contain... | Iron (Fe) |
| Only metal that is liquid at room tempoerature | Mercury (Hg) A Transition Metal |
| Top 3 elements in your body | Oxygen, Carbon and Hydrogen |
| Most expensive metals | Gold and silver |
| Elements are arranged Horizontally into | Periods |
| Elements are arranged vertically into | Groups |
| Group 1 | Soft Silvery coloured metals Very reactive |
| Group 2 | Alkaline Earth Metals Silvery White Metals Fairly reactive Many found in rocks in the Earths crust |
| Group 7 | Halogens Poisonous Fairly reactive |
| Group 8 / 0 | Noble Gases Unreactive Gases at room temp Glow with bright colours when electricity passes through them |
| Colours produced by noble gases Ne - Neon Hg - Mercury Ar - Argon He - Helium Kr - Krypton Xe - Xenon | Ne - Orange Red Hg - Light blue Ar - Pale lavender He - Pale Peach Kr - Pale silver Xe - Pale, deep blue |
| Lanthanide Series Actinide Series | Along the bottom of the table, separate rows Lanthanides on top of Actinides |
| Noble gases | Unreactive Used in lights, lasers and double glazing |
| Argon | Used in double glazing as better insulator than air |
| Neon signs | Contain neon gas - neon glows red when high voltage electricity passes through |
| Why is helium getting more expensive? | Helium is found in natural gas under the land or in the sea. Companies separate helium from other gases - this is expensive |
| Halogens | Very reactive Our bodies need halogen conmpounds Halogens make medicines and safe drinking water As elements all halogens are poisonous but we need some halogen compounds to survive |
| Halogen compounds we need to survive | Hydrochloric Acid, a chlorine compound, breaks food down in stomach and destroys dangerous bacteria Flourine compounds strengthens bones and teeth Iodine compounds control body temperature |
| Four non metal elements in all living things | Carbon Nitrogen Hydrogen oxygen |
| Carbon | Diamonds (hard) found in cutting tools Graphite (soft) found in pencils |
| When things burn, they are reacting with what element? | Oxygen |
| Nitrogen | Liquid - Freezes blood in hospitals Liquid - Removes warts and verrucas Gas - stops food going off Gas - helps make fertilisers for plants and fabric for clothes |
| Vital non-metals | Oxygen Hydrogen Carbon dioxide Nitrogen |
| Silicon | Semi-metal Vital for computers, TV's, mobile phones and solar cells Compounds found in glass, conditioner and fire fighters uniforms Shiny, dark grey solid at room temp Conducts electricity but not as well as copper or silver Brittle |
| Why is amethyst purple | It contains tiny amounts of manganese |
| How can we find out if a gemstone is genuine? | Measure its density Density = Mass/Volume |
| Why is it called the Periodic Table? | Because there is a repeating pattern of properties, just like the repeating pattern of menstrual periods! |
| When was the first Periodic Table created? | 1869 in St Petersburg, Russia by Dmitri Mendeleyev |
Created by:
Frankiek
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