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Perio Module 13
Chapter 30 Periodontal Surgical Concepts for the Dental Hygienist
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What type of graft surgery involves harvesting donor connective tissue from the palate? | A connective tissue graft |
| What type of graft surgery involves harvesting a donor section of tissue, usually from the palate? | A free gingival graft |
| After a dental implant heals, it is not surrounded by what structures like a natural tooth would be? | it is NOT surrounded by cementum and periodontal ligament |
| How are implants similar to natural teeth? | they are not resistant to periodontal disease and they will lose supporting bone like natural teeth do |
| What are some contraindications for periodontal surgery? | Patients with poor self-care or unrealistic expectations, patients with HIV, uncontrolled hypertension or diabetes, on kidney dialysis, a history of radiation to the jaws, or with a high risk for dental caries |
| What are some indications for periodontal surgery? | To reduce pocket depths, to resect or remove diseased tissues, to improve access to root surfaces, or to graft bone into an osseous defect |
| When should a periodontal dressing should be placed over the tissue after surgery? | for most types of periodontal surgery, this is not needed |
| How much periodontal dressing should be used to gain the most protection for the surgical site when a dressing is required? | Less is better, use just enough to cover the wound |
| What are some special consideration after apically positioned flap surgery? | A portion of the root can be exposed, aesthetics may be a concern for the patient, and the patient may experience dentinal hypersensitivity |
| What happens as periodontal disease advances? | bone loss results in changes in the normal shape of the alveolar bone |
| What is the usual pattern of bone loss around the root of a single tooth? | There is no usual pattern, bone loss is not usually consistent in depth. |
| What type of surgery can result in rebuilding some bone lost because of disease? | Bone grafting |
| Reformed bone after surgery does not necessarily imply regeneration of what? | bone after surgery is not necessarily attached to the cementum by periodontal ligament fibers |
| Name the steps in bone replacement surgery. | Elevation of periodontal flap, cleaning granulation tissue, and placement of grafting material into bone defect |
| What is bone taken and harvested from a cadaver called? | an allograft |
| What is bone taken and harvested from the patient's own body called? | an autograft |
| What does facial swelling after surgery indicate? | this is common after surgery and is not a sign that healing is compromised. |
| What does sensitivity to cold after periodontal surgery indicate? | this is common after surgery and can be treated in a similar manner as dentinal hypersensitivity |
| What term describes healing that would result in the reformation of lost cementum, lost periodontal ligament, and lost alveolar bone? | Regeneration |
| How soon should a bone graft site be probed after surgery? | When the periodontist determines it is safe |
| If flap surgery is planned as part of a patient's periodontal therapy, what may still be indicated prior to the surgery? | nonsurgical therapy |
| Why is surgery sometimes indicated after nonsurgical therapy? | Periodontal instrumentation is NOT always effective in pockets greater than 4 mm. |
| What can be done to restore all damage done to diseased tissue? | Periodontal surgery can help restore some of the damage but not all. |
| How might some types of surgery relocate the gingival margin? | relocate the gingival margin in a more apical position in relation to the CEJ than that before surgery |
| When should sutures be removed after surgery? | when they are loose in the tissues, which is usually 1 week after surgery |
| What are the main goals of guided tissue regeneration? | Regrow lost cementum and periodontal ligament, regenerate lost alveolar bone |
| The site of a bone replacement graft should be left undisturbed for what length of time? | Months |
| What does the term "relative contraindication" for periodontal surgery mean? | Conditions that might make periodontal surgery inadvisable for some patients |
| What is the union of a pathologically exposed root with connective tissue or epithelium called? | New attachment |
| What type of tissue healing would come after periodontal flap surgery? | healing by repair which would result in formation of a long junctional epithelium |
| What kind of graft usually results in a more natural tissue color in the healed tissues and in a more esthetic final result? | Connective tissue |
| What kind of periodontal surgery is performed to provide access to tooth surfaces for meticulous periodontal instrumentation? | Periodontal flap for access |
| What surgery is performed to give the general dentist better access to restore a tooth with a crown? | Crown lengthening surgery |
| What type of surgery is performed to remove gingival overgrowth caused by taking a medication such as phenytoin? | Gingivectomy |
| What type of surgery leaves a very large open connective tissue wound of the gingiva? | Gingivectomy |
| What are some surgeries that repair soft tissue defects? | Mucogingival surgery, periodontal plastic surgery, soft tissue graft |
| What type of surgery results in two wounds? | Connective tissue graft and free tissue graft |
| What is it called when a wound heals by forming tissue that does not restore the original architecture of the body part? | Healing by repair |
| What is it called when bone is grafted from one area of the patient's jaw to another area? | an autograft |
| What is placed during guided tissue regeneration to control the rapid growth of epithelium into the wound? | Barrier material |
| What type of periodontal disease diagnoses usually does NOT include periodontal surgery as part of the treatment plan? | Mild, chronic periodontitis |
Created by:
BrendaAlberts