Save
Busy. Please wait.
Log in with Clever
or
show password
Forgot Password?
Don't have an account?  Sign up 
Sign up using Clever
or
Username is available taken
show password


Make sure to remember your password. If you forget it there is no way for StudyStack to send you a reset link. You would need to create a new account. Your email address is only used to allow you to reset your password. See our Privacy Policy and Terms of Service.

Already a StudyStack user? Log In

Reset Password
Enter the associated with your account, and we'll email you a link to reset your password.
focusNode
Didn't know it?
click below
 
Knew it?
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
0:00
edit
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.

  Normal Size     Small Size show me how

Sources of Hydroc

Sources of hydrocarbons

QuestionAnswer
Name the two natural sources of hydrocarbons 1) Natural gas 2) Petroleum
What are hydrocarbons? Organic compounds which contain only carbon and hydrogen.
What is natural gas? A mixture of 4 alkanes : methane, ethane, propane and butane.
What is in commercial natural gas? Methane and ethane. It can be used for cooking, heating or liquefied as LNG (liquefied natural gas) as petrol in some countries.
The propane and butane removed from natural gas can also be liquefied under pressure to produce LPG. What does LPG stand for? Liquefied petroleum gas.
What is petroleum? An oily liquid with many hydrocarbons mainly alkanes and ringed hydrocarbons.
How is petroleum separated into different components? Fractional distillation at oil refineries.
What is the lightest component obtained from the fractional distillation of petroleum? Refinery gas
What is the heaviest component obtained from the fractional distillation of petroleum? Bitumen
What is the separating principle which allows petroleum to be separated into different components? Differences in boiling point of the components. Temperature decreases upwards, the components with lower boiling points move up and condense. Those with higher boiling points condense on the lower trays.
Use of refinery gas fuel for domestic use e.g. cooking and heating
Use of petrol (gasoline) fuel for internal combustion of engines
Use of kerosene (paraffin) oil fuel for cooking, heating, lamps and jet engines; cracked into smaller hydrocarbons
Use of diesel oil fuel for diesel engines e.g. cars, lorries, buses, trains, trucks and generators; cracked into smaller hydrocarbons.
Use of fuel oil, lubricating oil and waxes fuel oil - fuel for factory boilers, ships and power stations; lubricating ols - lubricate mechanical parts in machinery and vehicles; waxes - used to make polish, wax paper, petroleum jelly and candles.
Use of bitumen road surfacing, roofing.
What is cracking? The breaking down of large hydrocarbon molecules into smaller, more useful molecules. Method can be thermal or catalytic.
State the conditions required for thermal cracking. Temp above 700 degrees C; pressures up to 70 atm
What are the products of thermal cracking of a long-chain alkane molecule? shorter chain alkane + at least one alkene
State the conditions required for catalytic cracking. Temp approx. 500 degrees C; low pressure; presence of a catalyst (usually zeolite synthetic mixture with Al2O3 and SiO2)
What are the products of catalytic cracking of long-chain alkane molecules? Shorter chain alkane + alkenes; catalytic cracking is the main source of petrol and raw materials for the petrochemical industry.
Popular Chemistry sets

 

 



Voices

Use these flashcards to help memorize information. Look at the large card and try to recall what is on the other side. Then click the card to flip it. If you knew the answer, click the green Know box. Otherwise, click the red Don't know box.

When you've placed seven or more cards in the Don't know box, click "retry" to try those cards again.

If you've accidentally put the card in the wrong box, just click on the card to take it out of the box.

You can also use your keyboard to move the cards as follows:

If you are logged in to your account, this website will remember which cards you know and don't know so that they are in the same box the next time you log in.

When you need a break, try one of the other activities listed below the flashcards like Matching, Snowman, or Hungry Bug. Although it may feel like you're playing a game, your brain is still making more connections with the information to help you out.

To see how well you know the information, try the Quiz or Test activity.

Pass complete!
"Know" box contains:
Time elapsed:
Retries:
restart all cards