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Grammar Terms
Scholars' Bowl Grammatical Terms to Know
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Word, phrase, or clause that is replaced by a pronoun when mentioned subsequently (in the same sentence or later) (EMILY) is nice because she brings me flowers | antecedent |
| Noun phrase that re-identifies or describes its neighboring noun. Canada, (A MULTICULTURAL COUNTRY), is recognized by its maple leaf flag. | appositive |
| Verb used with the main verb to help indicate something such as tense or voice I (DO) not like you. / She (HAS) finished. / He (CAN) swim. | auxiliary verb / helping verb |
| To show different forms of a verb according to voice, mood, tense, number, and person I walk, you walk, he/she/it walks, we walk, they walk; I walked, you walked, he/she/it walked, we walked, they walked. | conjugate |
| Words that join two verbs, two nouns, two adjectives, two phrases, or two independent clauses. The seven coordinating conjunctions are for, and, nor, but, or, yet, and so. John likes tea (AND) coffee. / Martha was late, (SO) she missed the party. | coordinating conjunction |
| Part of a sentence that contains a subject and a verb but does not form a complete thought and cannot stand on its own. After Aiden returned from his fishing trip... | dependent clause / subordinate clause |
| Group of words that expresses a complete thought and can stand alone as a sentence. (I was tired after working all day), so I decided to go to bed early. | independent clause |
| Noun phrase in a sentence that directly receives the action of the verb. The students eat (CAKE). / Joey bought (THE CAR). | direct object |
| Noun phrase representing the person or thing indirectly affected by the action of the verb. She showed (ME) her book collection. / Elijah bought (HIS WIFE) a new car. | indirect object |
| Verbs that connect the subject to more information (but do not indicate action) such as be, am, are, is, was, were, seem, look, feel, sound, and taste. The tests indicate that your child (IS) gifted. | linking verb |
| Verb form usually made by adding "-ed" to the base verb-typically used in perfect and passive tenses, and sometimes as an adjective. "I have (FINISHED)." / "It was (SEEN) by many people." | past participle |
| -ing form of a verb "We were (EATING)." / "I saw Tara (PLAYING) tennis." | present participle |
| Adjective or adverb that describes the extreme degree of something. happiest, most quickly | superlative |
| Adjective or adverb used to compare differences between the two objects they modify. larger, smaller, taller, higher | comparative |
| A word or phrase that links a dependent clause to an independent clause (examples- although, after, before, because, how, if, once, since) I don’t want to go to the movies (BECAUSE) I hate the smell of popcorn. | subordinating conjunction |
| A group of words that forms a dependent clause and acts as an adverb in a sentence. We should go (as soon as you are ready.) | adverbial/adverb clause |
| Four Types of Sentences | simple, compound, complex, compound-complex |
| Sentence Types | declarative, interrogative, imperative, exclamatory |
| A special adjective (often called a determiner) that identifies a noun or pronoun by expressing its position as near or far (including in time). The demonstrative adjectives are 'this,' 'that,' 'these,' and 'those.' | demonstrative adjective |
| A verb tense which is used to show that an action took place once or many times before another point in the past. "Kristine had never been to an opera before last night." "I did not have any money because I had lost my wallet." | past perfect |
| Connects a noun or pronoun to a group of words that provide more information. who, whom, whose, which, and that. "The robots, which were made in Japan, work well." | relative pronoun |
| Created by placing an adverb or adverbial phrase between the to and the verb. "To boldy go" "To casually walk" | split infinitive |
| Used to describe an ongoing activity in the past. For example: John was baking a cake. They were painting the fence. Often is used to set the scene for another action. For example: John was baking a cake when the storm started. | past progressive |
| Used for an ongoing action in the present. For example: John is baking a cake Can also be used to describe an activity that is going to happen in the future (especially planned ones). For example: We are moving to New Zealand in the summer. | present progressive |
| A verb that’s acting as a noun. The verb—the word that describes the action that’s happening, like “biking,” “thinking,” “running,” or “speaking”—becomes a thing | gerund |
| This tense, formed with "will have" followed by a past participle, expresses actions that will be completed before a certain point in the future. For example, "By the time the train arrives, we will have finished dinner." | future perfect |
Created by:
kkramer24
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