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Chemistry Part 1
Chemistry, 7th Grade
| Definiton | Term |
|---|---|
| Makes up Matter | Atom |
| Made up of one type of atom | Element |
| Outside nucleus, Negative Charge | Electrons |
| In nucleus, No charge | Neutrons |
| In Nucleus, Positive charge | Protons |
| Atoms of the same element bonded together | Molecule |
| made up of two or more different elements that combine chemically | Compounds |
| Made of substances that combine physically | Mixture |
| 2 type of mixtures | Solutions and Suspensions |
| two or more substances are mixed evenly Example: Sweat- salt and water | Solutions |
| Gas or liquid has another substance evenly spread throughout it | Suspensions |
| Living things are made of more than 50% water | Importance of Water |
| Needed for chemical reaction to occur | Importance of Water |
| Used to transport materials through organisms | Importance of Water |
| Made from elements other than carbon | Inorganic Compounds |
| Contain carbon; associated with living or once living things | Organic Compounds |
| Supply energy for cell processes | Carbohydrates |
| Fats and oils; do not mix with water | Lipids |
| Made of amino acids | Proteins |
| Proteins are made of ______ _____. | Amino Acids |
| True or False? Carbohydrates are easier to break down. | True |
| True or False? Proteins are harder to break down. | True |
| True or False? Proteins make up DNA. | False |
| What are 2 things proteins make up? | Structures(like muscle) and Enzymes |
| Store coded information for cells in DNA | Nucleic Acids |
| Deoxyribonucleic acid, directs activities of the cell | DNA |
| Movement of substances through the cell membrane without using energy | Passive transport |
| Types of Passive Transport | Diffusion and Osmosis |
| Movement of molecules (other than water) from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration | Diffusion |
| Movement of water from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration across a cell membrane | Osmosis |
| Type of Osmotic Solutions | Isotonic, Hypertonic, and Hypotonic |
| Water enters and leaves at the same rate because the water concentration is equal | Isotonic Solution |
| Greater concentration of water inside the cell so more water leaves the cell to try and reach the equilibrium | Hypertonic Solution |
| Greater concentration of water outside the cell so more water enters the cell to trying to reach the equilibrium | Hypotonic Solution |
| Energy is needed to move molecules across a cell membrane | Active Transport |
| Endocytosis and Exocytosis | Types of Active Transport |
| Part of a cell membrane forms vesicle around particle (s) and brings it into the cell. | Endocytosis |
| A vesicle filled with particle (s) moves to the cell membrane, fuses with it and releases contents to the outside. | Exocytosis |
Created by:
23jrobbins
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