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korean vocab a

arts1660 vocabulary

TermDefinition
안녕하세요. hello
네 / 예 yes
아니요. no
(name) 씨 Mr / Ms …
잘 들으세요. please listen closely
따라 하세요. please repeat
읽으세요. please read
쓰세요. please write (it)
질문 있어요? any questions?
알겠어요? do you get it?
네, 알겠어요. yes, I get it
아니요, 잘 모르겠어요. no, I don’t get it
해 보세요. try (it)
다시 한 번… one more time
다 같이… all together…
잘 했어요. well done!
잠깐만요. one moment please
기다리세요. please wait
천천히… slowly…
이름이 뭐예요? what is your name?
이름 name
(name)이에요 or 예요. I am (name)
반갑습니다 pleased to meet you
어서 오세요. welcome
들어오세요. come in
안녕히 가세요. good-bye (to someone leaving)
안녕히 계세요. good-bye (to someone staying)
또 만나요. see you again
늦어서 미안합니다 I'm sorry for being late
미안합니다 I'm sorry
괜찮아요. It's okay
감사합니다 thank you
앉으세요. take a seat
ㄱ 기역 gi-yeok
ㄲ 쌍기역 ssang-gi-yeok
ㄴ 니은 ni-eun
ㄷ 디귿 di-geut
ㄸ 쌍디귿 ssang-di-geut
ㄹ 리을 ri-eul
ㅁ 미음 mi-eum
ㅂ 비읍 bi-eup
ㅃ 쌍비읍 ssang-bi-eup
ㅅ 시옷 si-ot
ㅆ 쌍시옷 ssang-si-ot
ㅇ 이응 i-eung
ㅈ 지읒 ji-eut
ㅉ 쌍지읒 ssang-ji-eut
ㅊ 치읓 chi-eut
ㅋ 키읔 ki-euk
ㅌ 티읕 ti-eut
ㅍ 피읖 pi-eup
ㅎ 히읗 hi-eut
ㅏ 아 a
ㅐ 애 ae
ㅑ 야 ya
ㅒ 얘 yae
ㅓ 어 eo
ㅔ 에 e
ㅕ 여 yeo
ㅖ 예 ye
ㅗ 오 o
ㅘ 와 wa
ㅙ 왜 wae
ㅚ 외 oe
ㅛ 요 yo
ㅜ 우 u
ㅝ 워 wo
ㅞ 웨 we
ㅟ 위 wi
ㅠ yu
ㅡ 으 eu
ㅢ 의 ui
ㅣ 이 i
지금 now
뭐 what
해요 do
가요 I go / I’m going
한국어 Korean language
강의실 lecture room
…에 to…
도서관 library
…에서 in, at
어디 where
가요? do you go? / are you going?
대학교 university
학교 school
교실 classroom
강의실 lecture room
인터넷 카페 / PC방 internet cafe
노래방 karaoke
공원 park
은행 bank
서점 bookshop
집 house, home
시내 downtown
식당 / 음식점 restaurant
우체국 post office
카페 / 커피숍 café / coffee shop
어디 가요? where are you going?
(place name)에 가요. I’m going to (place name).
해요? do you do?/are you doing?
공부하- to study
숙제하- to do homework
식사하- to have a meal
전화하- to telephone, ring
운동하- to exercise
가- to go
뭐 해요? what are you doing?
(place name)에서 action verb I’m (action verb) at (place name).
마트 / 가게 ‘mart’/corner shop
슈퍼마켓 supermarket
편의점 convenient store
병원 hospital
백화점 department store
극장 / 영화관 theatre/cinema
술집 pub
시장 market
버스정류장 bus stop
역 railway station
공항 airport
미용실 hairdresser
약국 pharmacy
화장실 toilet
앉- to sit
알- to know
만나- to meet
자- to sleep
놀- to play
오- to come
보- to see, look, watch
시험보- to take an exam
먹- to eat
읽- to read
만들- to make
마시- to drink
쓰- to write
듣- to listen
하- to do
이야기하- to have a chat
일하- to work
공부해요? are you studying?
for verb stems ending in –하 ‘to do’, change 하 to 해 and add 요. [do you ...? / yes, I do ...]
when the last vowel in the verb stem is ㅏ or ㅗ, add -아요. [do you ...? / yes, I do ...] the -아 is omitted from -아요 if the preceding verb stem actually ends in ㅏ. in case of stems ending in ㅗ, the ㅗ is written in combination with the ensuing ㅏ, thus ㅘ요.
for all other final vowels in the verb stem, the ending is -어요. [do you ...? / yes, I do ...] in case of stems ending in ㅡ, drop ㅡ and add ㅓ요. e.g. 쓰 + ㅓ요 = 써요
the verb 듣- ‘to listen’ takes the -어요 ending but the syllable-final consonant of the stem ㄷchanges to ㄹ. [do you ...? / yes, I do ...] 듣 + 어요 = 들어요
종업원 waiter, waitress, and other similar employees in the service industry
-하고 and
주세요. please give (us) …
… 없어요. ‘there isn’t (any) ...’, ‘I haven’t got (any) ...’
… 있어요. ‘there is ....’, ‘we have ….’
- 는/-은 topic marker indicating that the word is being specifically drawn to your attention
그럼 well, then, …
나왔습니다 … is out
맛있게 드세요 have (it) deliciously
여기요! here!
음식 food
밥 cooked rice
국 / -탕 soup
반찬 side dish
찌개 hot-pot style of stew
있- ‘there is/are ...’, to have
없- there isn’t/aren’t ...’, ‘to not’
들- to take (eat, drink)
김치 fermented vegetables
비빔밥 rice with mixed vegetables
김치찌개 gimchi stew
된장찌개 soybean paste stew
해물파전 seafood pancake
불고기 marinated barbequed meat
물 water
콜라 cola
맥주 beer
더 more
여기 here
noun 있어요? do you have any (noun)?
네, 있어요. yes, there is.
아니요, 없어요. no, there isn't.
noun 주세요? *to ask for things*
술 / -주 liquor
소주 Korean distilled hard liquor
막걸리 Korean cloudy rice wine
튀김 deep-fried food
잡채 stir fried glass noodles and vegetables
김밥 seaweed rice roll
떡볶이 stir fried rice cake in a spicy sauce
삼계탕 chicken and ginseng soup
만두 dumplings
갈비 beef spare ribs
삼겹살 pork belly
짜장면 black bean sauce noodles
김치볶음밥 gimchi fried rice
맛있- to be tasty
맛없- to be unpalatable
noun(을/를) 좋아해요? *to ask people if they like or dislike*
네, 좋아해요. yes, I like it.
아니요, 싫어해요. no, I don’t like it
VST – (으)세요. *to ask people to do things* (polite informal)
마시세요. drink (it)
공부하세요. study
with verb stems that end in ㄹ, such as 들- ‘to have (eat, drink)’, we drop the ㄹ before we add -(으)세요. [asking people to do]
들 ⇒ 드 + 세요 = 드세요. have (it) - enjoy it!
놀 ⇒ 노세요. have fun!
드세요/잡수세요. please eat
주무세요. please sleep
하나 one (pk)
둘 two (pk)
셋 three (pk)
넷 four (pk)
다섯 five (pk)
여섯 six (pk)
일곱 seven (pk)
여덟 eight (pk)
아홉 nine (pk)
열 ten (pk)
열하나 eleven (pk)
열둘 twelve (pk)
열셋 thirteen (pk)
열넷 fourteen (pk)
열다섯 fifteen (pk)
열여섯 sixteen (pk)
열일곱 seventeen (pk)
열여덟 eighteen (pk)
열아홉 nineteen (pk)
it is difficult to pronounce n immediately after l within the Korean sound system, and thus the n assimilates into the preceding l *pronunciation note*
liaison does not happen when the syllable-final ㄹ (리을) is followed by a vowel combined with y, ie 야 (ya), 여 (yeo), 요 (yo) or 유 (yu) *pronunciation note*
스물 twenty (pk)
서른 thirty (pk)
마흔 forty (pk)
쉰 fifty (pk)
예순 sixty (pk)
일흔 seventy (pk)
여든 eighty (pk)
아흔 ninety (pk)
주인 owner
이거 this thing/object
그 that … (near you)
사과요? did you say apple? to make sure that what you think you heard is right, repeat the word and add -요, or -이요 if the word ends in a consonant
저기요! there!
아, … interjection similar to ‘oh!’
얼마예요? how much is it/are they?
한 개에 per item
천 원이에요. it’s/they’re one thousand won
다섯 개만 only five (of them)
이- this …
-거 thing
저- that … (over there)
그거 that thing/object (near you)
저거 that thing/object (over there)
뭐예요? what is it?
과일 fruit
사과 apple
포도 grapes
귤 mandarin
수박 watermelon
자두 plum
복숭아 peach
배 pear
딸기 strawberry
과자 biscuits
사탕 sweets
디저트/후식 dessert
초콜릿 chocolate
아이스크림 ice cream
케이크 cake
떡 rice cake
커피 coffee
홍차 black tea
녹차 green tea
책 book
개 dog
고양이 cat
몇 how many…?
개 counter for things (in general)
병 bottle; counter for ‘bottles’
대 counter for ‘machines’
잔 cup, glass; counter for ‘cups /glasses’
권 counter for ‘books’
사람 / 명 human being, person; counter for ‘human beings’
마리 counter for ‘animals’
몇 개 있어요? how many are there?
noun 몇 개 있어요? *to name the things we’re interested in*
PK 개 있어요. *to answer (what the person is interested in), substitute a Pure Korean number for 몇
공 0 (sk)
일 1 (sk)
이 2 (sk)
삼 3 (sk)
사 4 (sk)
오 5 (sk)
육 6 (sk)
칠 7 (sk)
팔 8 (sk)
구 9 (sk)
십 10 (sk)
십일 11 (sk)
십이 12 (sk)
십삼 13 (sk)
십사 14 (sk)
십오 15 (sk)
십육 16 (sk)
십칠 17 (sk)
십팔 18 (sk)
십구 19 (sk)
이십 20 (sk)
삼십 30 (sk)
사십 40 (sk)
오십 50 (sk)
육십 60 (sk)
칠십 70 (sk)
팔십 80 (sk)
구십 90 (sk)
백 100 (sk)
천 1,000 (sk)
만 10,000 (sk)
십만 100,000 (sk)
백만 1,000,000 (sk)
천만 10,000,000 (sk)
억 100,000,000 (sk)
noun 얼마예요? *to name the goods we’re talking about*
SK 원이에요. *to answer how much something is*
킬로 kilogram
리터 litre
그램 gram
미터 metre
원 won (Korean currency)
불 / 달러 dollar
센트 cent
PK 개에 SK 원이에요. they’re SK won for PK items.
빵 / 식빵 bread
라면 instant noodles
샴푸 shampoo
치약 toothpaste
생수 bottled water
우유 milk
컵라면 instant cup noodles
휴지 tissue
칫솔 toothbrush
전화번호가 몇 번이에요? what is your phone number?
이번 주말 this weekend
같이 with, together
오전 a.m.
오후 p.m.
아,… this expression indicates that the speaker is deciding what to say - similar to um ...
안 돼요 is no good
다른 another, other, different
약속 appointment, date
좋아요 good
이/가 subject marker
오늘 today
내일 tomorrow
-시 o’clock
몇 시 …? what time …
-분 minute
-전 before
반 half
시간 hour, time
수업 class
한국어 수업 Korean class
약속 appointment, date
왜 why
지금 몇 시예요? what is the time?
PK 시예요 or PK 시 SK 분이에요. *to answer what time it is*
월요일 Monday
월요일에 on Monday
화요일 Tuesday
수요일 Wednesday
목요일 Thursday
금요일 Friday
토요일 Saturday
일요일 Sunday
일요일 오후 1시에 on Sunday one p.m.
주말에 on the weekend
VST –(으)ㄹ까요? *to propose doing something*
자, 시작할까요? OK. Shall we start?
네, VST–아요/어요/ … 해요. *to respond to someone proposing to do something*
네, 그래요. yes, let’s do that
noun 어때요? how about…?
noun 괜찮아요/ 좋아요. (noun) is good
noun 안 돼요 (noun) is no good
noun-(이/가) 아니에요. am/are/is not a noun or nouns
to say ‘I/you/they etc don’t do such-and-such’, you add the negative adverb 안 with a space before the verb. note that with verbs ending in 하- ‘to do’, the 안 is placed directly in front of the 하-. [using negatives]
… 은/는 어디에 있어요? where is it located?
… 에 있어요. *to answer where something is located*
뭐 했어요? what did you do?
지난 last
갔어요 I went
만들었어요 I made
봤어요 I watched
맛있어요 It is delicious
맛있었어요 It was delicious
김치볶음밥 gimchi fried rice
그냥 just
좋아요! sounds good!
아주 very
어제 yesterday
작년 / 지난해 last year
금년 / 올해 this year
아침 morning, breakfast
아침 식사(를) 하 to have breakfast
아침(을) 먹- to have breakfast
점심 lunch time, lunch
저녁 evening, dinner
낮 day, daytime
밤 night
-전 ago
한 시간 전에 one hour ago
지난 (+time word) last…
지난 월요일 last Monday
지난 주말 last weekend
지난주 last week
지난달 last month
이번 (+time word) this … (coming)
이번 금요일 this Friday
이번 주말 this weekend
이번 주 this week
이번 달 this month
언제 …? when
VST -았/었/했-어요. *to talk about things that have happened in the past*
when the VST actually ends in ㅏ we simply add ㅆ어요; when the stem actually ends in ㅗ we add ㅏ to ㅗ and then ㅆ어요. [verb conjugation - marking the past]
when the VST ends in ㅣ, the ㅣ is written in combination with the ensuing ㅓ, thus ㅕ, and ㅆ어요 is attached; when the VST ends in ㅂ, the ㅂ changes to ㅜ, to which we add ㅓ and ㅆ어요. [verb conjugation - marking the past]
… 년 year
… 월 month
… 일 day
일월 January
이월 February
삼월 March
사월 April
오월 May
유월 June
칠월 July
팔월 August
구월 September
시월 October
십일월 November
시월 December
오늘은 몇월 며칠이에요? what date is it today?
… 월 … 일이에요. *to answer what date it is*
하루에 몇 시간 / 번 …? how many hours/times a day do you do …?
자주 frequently
보통 usually
일어나- get up
늦잠 자- oversleep / sleep in
씻- to wash
게임(을) 하- to play game
샤워하- to take a shower
목욕하- to have a bath
이를 닦- to brush teeth
배우- to learn
연습하- to practise
요리하- to cook
사먹- to buy meals
인터넷(을) 하- to surf the internet
생일 birthday
생일파티 birthday party
친구 friend
손님 guest, customer
그리고 and
그래서 so, therefore
하지만 however
누구 …? who
많이 a lot
조금 a little
일찍 early
늦게 late
벌써 already
아직 + neg not yet
동안 for ... (duration)
한 시간 동안 for one hour
noun - 하고 (같이) … did it together with ...
에서 ‘at’, ‘in’, etc
을/를 object marker
은/는 topic marker
가족 family
아버지 father / dad
어머니 mother / mum
아빠 dad / daddy
엄마 mum / mummy
부모님 parents
형 (a male’s) elder brother
오빠 (a female’s) elder brother
누나 (a male’s) elder sister
언니 (a female’s) elder sister
동생 younger sibling
남/여동생 younger brother/sister
외(동)아들 only son
외동딸 only daughter
모두 all together
살- to live
대학원 postgraduate school
대학원생 postgraduate school student
고등학생 high school student
직업 occupation
의사 medical doctor
–의 possessive case particle
–와/-과 doing together with particle
VST – (스)ㅂ니다. making a statement (polite formal)
VST – 아요/어요/해요. making a statement (polite informal)
VST – (스)ㅂ니까? asking a question (polite formal)
VST – 아요/어요/해요? asking a question (polite informal)
VST – (으)십시오. issuing a command (polite formal)
VST – (으)세요. issuing a command (polite informal)
안녕하십니까? hello
… 입니다 I’m ...
안녕히 가십시오. good-bye (to person leaving)
안녕히 계십시오. good-bye (to person staying)
미안합니다 I’m sorry
고맙습니다 thank you
감사해요. thank you (polite informal)
고마워요. thank you (polite informal)
괜찮습니다 It’s O.K.
아닙니다 no
어서 오십시오 welcome
들어오십시오 come in
앉으십시오 sit down
또 뵙겠습니다 see you again
또 만나요. see you again
늦어서 미안합니다 sorry I’m late
교사 school teacher
간호사 nurse
변호사 lawyer
회계사 accountant
미용사 hair designer
요리사 chef
교수 university academic
사업가 businessman
회사원 company employee
주부 housewife
초등학생 primary school student
고등학생 high school student
대학원 postgraduate school
대학원생 postgraduate student
나라 country
어느 나라? which country
수도 Capital city
동, 서, 남, 북 East, West, South, North
동양 the East
서양 the West
중동 Middle East
동북아시아 Northeast Asia
동남아시아 Southeast Asia
남아메리카 South America
외국 overseas
사람/-인 person
말/-어 language, words
영어 English
불어 French
독(일)어 German
스페인어 Spanish
아랍어 Arabic
일본어 Japanese
중국어 Chinese
글자 letter, alphabet
한자 Chinese characters
서울 Seoul
베이징 Beijing
상해/상하이 Shanghai
캔버라 Canberra
시드니 Sydney
런던 London
자카르타 Jakarta
방콕 Bangkok
마닐라 Manila
한국말 Korean spoken language
몇 분 동안…? for how many minutes?
몇 시간 동안…? for how many hours?
며칠 동안…? for how many days?
몇 주(일) 동안…? for how many weeks?
몇 달 동안…? for how many months?
몇 년 동안…? for how many years?
SK 분 동안 for SK minutes
PK 시간 동안 for PK hours
SK 일 동안 for SK days
SK 주(일) 동안 for SK weeks
PK 달 동안 for PK months
SK 년 동안 for SK years
5(오) 분 동안 for five minutes
2(두) 시간 동안 for two hours
8(여덟) 시간 동안 for eight hours
3(삼) 일 동안 for three days
7(칠) 일 동안 for seven days
1(일) 주(일) 동안 for one week
1(한) 달 동안 for one month
5(다섯) 달 동안 for five months
4(사) 년 동안 for four years
10(십) 년 동안 for ten years
하루 a period of one day
이틀 two days
사흘 three days
나흘 four days
닷새 five days
시험 잘 봤어요? did you do well in the exam?
잘 못 봤어요. I didn’t do well in the exam
아직 yet
끝나- to finish
다음 주 next week
방학 school holidays
글쎄요 well, …
아르바이트 part-time work
돈을 벌- earn money
여행을 가- to go on a trip
가보고 싶- want to try going
한옥 Korean traditional house
한옥마을 Hanok Village
전통 집 traditional house
구경하- to see or experience something in person
꼭 가볼게요 I will definitely try going
휴가 holiday
여행하- to travel
여행 가- to go on a trip
시험을 잘 보- do well in an exam
시험을 못 보- not do well in an exam
가보- visit
먹어보- to try eating
만들어보- to try making
선물 gift, present
사- to buy
구경하- to see something
쓰- to use
경치가 좋- have a fine view
야경이 좋- have a fine night view
계획 plan
내년 next year
다음 달 next month
다음 주 next week
고향 hometown
기념품 souvenir
VST – (으)ㄹ 거예요. I’m going to…
산 mountain
바다 beach, ocean
섬 island
박물관 museum
미술관 art gallery
놀이공원 amusement park
고궁 old palace
전통시장 traditional market
봄 spring
여름 summer
가을 autumn
겨울 winter
VST – 고 싶어요. I want to…
-(으)로 유명하- be famous for
여러 나라 many countries
덥- be hot
춥- be cold
따뜻하- be warm
많- be numerous
적- be small
아름답- be beautiful
맵- be spicy
쉽- be easy
어렵- be difficult
재미있- be interesting
재미없- be boring
싸- be cheap
비싸- be expensive
많아요 they’re numerous
적어요 they’re few
재미있어요 it’s interesting
재미없어요 it’s boring
with verb stems ending in ㅂ, the ㅂ changes to ㅜ, to which we then add -어요 [verb conjugation - description words]
반가워요 I’m pleased
고마워요 I’m thankful
어려워요 it’s difficult
쉬워요 it’s easy
더워요 it’s hot
추워요 it’s cold
못 해요 I can’t
안 해요 I don’t
술을 못 마셔요. I can’t drink
술을 안 마셔요. I don’t drink
… 은/는요? what about …?
어디서 왔어요? where do you come from?
place – 에서 왔어요. (I) am from place
place 어디서 왔어요? where in Australia do (you) come from?
country ^ city – 에서 왔어요. (I) am from city, country.
태어나- to be born
태어났습니다 I was born
때 the time, when
유명한 곳 famous place
맛있는 음식 delicious food
한국의 수도입니다 it’s Korea’s capital
한국의 Korea’s, Korea
수도 the capital city of Korea
서울에는 in Seoul
사계절 four seasons
광화문 Gwang-hwa-mun
경복궁 Gyeong-bok-gung
인사동 In-sa-dong
명동 Myeong-dong
남산 Namsan mountain
정말 really
아름답습니다 it is beautiful
Created by: sunky
 

 



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