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1 Unit Atoms

Atoms vocab

TermDefinition
proton the part of the atom with a positive charge, located in then nucleus
neutron the part of the atom that has no charge, located in the nucleus
electron the negatively charged part of the atom, located outside the nucleus
nucleus the center area of an atom
ion an atom in which the positive charges (protons) do NOT equal the negative charges (electrons)
neutral atom an atom in which the positive charges (protons) equal the negative charges (electrons)
ground state the state of an atom before energy is applied to it
atom the smallest unit of matter
shells layers outside the nucleus where the electrons are located
valence electrons electrons in the outermost shell
atomic number the smaller of the two numbers on the periodic table, tells you the number of protons
atomic mass (of a single atom) the number of protons plus the number of neutrons for that atom
average atomic mass the weighted average of all isotopes of that element
isotope atoms of the same element (same number of protons) with different number of neutrons
element symbol a 1 or 2 letter abbreviation for an element's name
periodic table a list of all the known elements, arranged in order of atomic number
period a row on the periodic table: there are 7
group a column on the periodic table: there are 18
alkali metals the group of elements located below Hydrogen on the periodic table
alkaline earth metals the group of elements in the second column of the periodic table
transition metals the elements in the center of the periodic table ( groups 3-12)
halogens the elements in the second to last group of the periodic table (group 17)
noble gases the elements in the last column of the periodic table: they are unreactive due to their pattern of electrons
Created by: kost
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