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Unit 3A Vocabulary

QuestionAnswer
metal element that is lustrous, conducts electricity, malleable, ductile and reacts with acid.
luster shiny
malleable able to be hammered into a thin sheet
ductile able to be drawn into a thin wire
metalloid an element whose properties are between those of metals and solid nonmetal. Located on staircase of Periodic Table
nonmetal Non-lustrous, poor conductor of electricity, brittle.
Periodic Table Lists all known elements arranged by increasing atomic number.
atomic mass weighted average mass of all of an element's isotopes
atomic number number of protons in the nucleus of an atom
electron negatively charged particle outside the nucleus
energy levels fixed amount of energy around a nucleus
group or family column in the periodic table
period row in the periodic table
neutron neutrally charged particle in the nucleus of an atom
proton Positively charged particle located in the nucleus
valence electrons electrons in the outermost energy level
atomic mass unit unit of mass equal to 1/12th the mass of a carbon-12 atom
element substance that cannot be broken down by chemical means
isotope atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons.
mass number number of protons plus neutrons in an atom
atomic orbital regions around the nucleus of an atom where there is a high probability of finding an electron
atom the smallest particle of an element that retains the properties of that element.
alpha particles positively charged nuclear particles
electronegativity a measure of an atom's ability to attract electrons
compound a substance composed of 2 or more atoms bonded together.
covalent bond bond where electrons are shared between 2 atoms
ion an atom with a positive or negative charge
ionic bond bond between positive and negative ions BECAUSE one or more electrons have been transferred.
metallic bond bond where loosely held valence electrons are attracted to positively charged metal ions.
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