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Basic Chemistry Term

QuestionAnswer
atom basic unit of matter. Smallest chemical components of an element.
element the simplest form of matter. Contains its own unique properties and cannot be broken down into a simpler substance without a loss of identity
ion A charged atom, atoms that have gained or lost (an) electron(s)
organic the study of substances that contain carbon attached to a Hydrogen
inorganic study of substances that don’t contain the element carbon, but may contain hydrogen
compound molecule chemical combinations of 2 or more atoms of different elements
elemental molecule chemical combination of atoms of the same element
chemistry The science that deals with the composition, structures and properties of matter, and how matter changes under different conditions
matter Any substance that occupies space and has mass. All matter has physical and chemical properties.
solid has a definite shape and volume. Particles have little to no energy, and attract each other strongly.
liquid a definite volume, but not a definite shape. Particles have some movement energy, and attract each other weakly.
gas does not have a definite shape or volume. Particles have a lot of movement energy, and do not attract each other.
molecule A chemical combination of 2 or more atoms
protons positively charged subatomic particles found in the nucleus of an atom.
neutrons neutrally charged subatomic particles found in the nucleus of an atom.
electrons negatively charged subatomic particles found orbiting the nucleus of an atom
Nucleus (of atom) Is a tiny central core of an atom and is composed of protons and neutrons, these account for most of the mass of an atom
cation atom that has lost (an) electron(s) and is positively charged
anion atom that has gained an electron and is negatively charged
atomic number is the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom of that element, it can be found on the periodic table, it defines the element
pure substance a chemical combination of matter, in definite proportions with unique properties.
physical mixture a physical combination of matter in any proportion, retains the properties of its ingredients
homogeneous term that means a mixture or substance is uniform throughout (evenly spread)
heterogeneous term that means a mixture is NOT uniform throughout (NOT evenly spread)
physical properties characteristics that can be determined without a chemical reaction and do not involve a chemical change. Generally observable qualities.
chemical properties characteristics that can only be determined by a chemical reaction and a chemical change in the substance
physical change a change in the form of a substance without a chemical reaction or the creation of a new substance
chemical change a change in the chemical and physical properties of a substance by a chemical reaction that creates a new substance or substances
Created by: kcarpenter
 

 



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