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How did Jeanne Prentice influence nursing?
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How did Mary Breckinridge influence nursing?
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NUR 100 QUIZ 1
Quiz 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| How did Jeanne Prentice influence nursing? | A living nurse who fights to protect a mother's right to choose a licensed professional or a CNM to supervise home births. She wants home births to be a safe/viable option for American women. Certified midwife, leads PUSH! initiative, became a nurse in 93 |
| How did Mary Breckinridge influence nursing? | American nurse midwife and the founder of the Frontier Nursing Service (1925). It provided general care, prenatal and postnatal nursing and delivered babies to rural families. This decreased mortality rates among rural people. 50,000 treated, 1/4 mil vax |
| How did Helen Fairchild influence nursing? | Nurse who served as part of the American Expeditionary Force during WWI, and became known for her graphic letters depicting conditions/experiences of the combat nurses. They slept w/out blankets, and in the cold, but they still cared for their patients |
| How did Florence Nightingale influence nursing? | 1st nurse epidemiologist & researcher. She found that a patients environment could effect their health: ventilation, light, noise, hydration, nutrition, hygiene. Health maintenance & restoration were the first nursing philosophies she made. |
| How did Mary Mahoney influence nursing? | 1st professionally educated African American nurse. She was concerned with the effect culture had on health care; she brought awareness of cultural diversity and respect for the person no matter their race, color, religion, or background. = care for all. |
| How did Crimean War (1853) influence nursing? | Gave impetus for developing professional nursing & establishing educational institutions for nurses throughout Europe. Nightingale volunteered during the war & that is where she developed her theory/practiced it in the barracks hospital 42.2% to 2.2% dead |
| How did the Civil War (1860-1865) influence nursing? | It had a huge impact on the growth of nursing due to the need of nurses for soldiers in the war. Clara Barton and Dorothea Dix played a role. Know about them. |
| Lillian Wald and Mary Brewster | Founded the Henry St. Settlement in 1893 in New York. It focused on the health and the needs of the poor who lived in tenements. Caused a significant increase of nurses/hospitals. |
| Henry St. Settlement (1893) | Social services, health care, English language, music. By 1913, the Settlement had expanded to seven buildings on Henry Street and two satellite centers, with 3,000 members in its classes and clubs and 92 nurses making 200,000 visits per year. |
| National League for Nursing (established 1953) | the premier organization for nurse faculty and leaders in nursing education. Founded for the purpose of establishing and maintaining a universal standard for training nurses. |
| National Academy of Medicine | Formally known as the Institute of Medicine (IOM), Mission is to improve health for all by advancing science, accelerating health equity, and providing independent, authoritative and trusted advice nationally/globally. |
| National Patient Safety Goals | problems in health care safety & how to solve them. ID patients right, staff communication, use meds safely, use alarms safely, prevent infection, which patients might KMS, surgery mistakes, patient safety risks, handwashing, central lines, catheters |
| National Academy of Medicine Report- The Future of Nursing: Leading Change, Advancing Health | Action oriented blueprint for the future of nursing. Explores how nurses' roles, responsibilities, education should change to meet the demand for care, created by health care reform. |
| Nursing roles and functions | Roles: autonomy/accountability, caregiver, advocate, educator, communicator, manager. Functions: care, comfort, health promotion, illness prevention, disease/symptom management, family support, end of life care |
| How does the American Nurses Association define nursing? | 'the protection, promotion, and optimization of health & abilities, prevention of illness and injury, alleviation of suffering through the diagnosis & treatment of human response, and advocacy in the care of people, families, communities, and populations' |
| Is nursing a profession or an occupation? Explain. | a profession is something you are, an occupation is something you do. Nursing is a profession because nurses have a license, code of ethics, ongoing research, autonomous work within practice, critical thinking to make a choice for care, specialized know |
| How many years does it take to achieve each of the following nursing career paths: LPN, ADN, BSN, MSN, DNP? | LPN=1y pediatrics, OB, medical/surgical from community college or vocational tech school. ADN=2y Community/Uni NCLEX for Rn. BSN=4y bachelor's, NCLEX for Rn. MSN=6y masters APRN, informatics, educator, admin. DNP=8y doctoral research to clinical setting |
| Explain Benner's model of the acquisition of skills and judgment by nurses. | Focus is skill acquisition. 5 stages: Novice, Advanced Beginner, Competent, Proficient, and Expert |
| How long does it take for a nurse to be competent in practice and able to manage complex concerns of patients? | 2-3 years |
| Describe at least 3 professional nursing organizations | American Nurses Association (ANA), National Student Nurses' Association (NSNA), National Association of Neonatal Nurses (NANN), National League for Nursing (NLN), Emergency Nurses Association (ENA), National Gerontological Nursing Association (NGNA) |
| Compare and contrast nursing work settings. | today the majority of nurses practice in hospital settings, community based care, ambulatory care, and nursing homes/extended care settings. |
| Trends in health care delivery suggest that more and more nursing care will be provided in what environment? | There will be an increase in the direct care activities provided in the home care setting and an increased need for community based health promotion activities. |
| Compare Health Promotion with illness prevention, health restoration and end of life care. Give examples | Primary: nutrition, prenatal care, well baby check ups, exercise classes, immunizations=health promotion. Preventative: BP screenings, mental health counseling, seat beats/air bags/helmets=illness prevention. Tertiary: chronic disease management=EoLC |
| Explain how QSEN (Quality and Safety Education for Nurses) guide nursing education and practice | Addresses the reports about safety and quality of patient care, they want it to always improve. Prevention of errors/less harm, teamwork, collaboration, evidence-based research, quality improvement, patient centered care. KSAs! |
| Identify some common quality indicators. How are these used to compare hospitals? | Falls, falls with injury, pressure ulcers, catheter associated UTI, central line blood stream infections. Comparing the rates at which these happen at hospitals and seeing whose are the lowest=best. |
| How are demographics and practice settings changing the work environment for nurses? | increase in the life span=more people=more sick/injured people=need for more nurses. More diverse people, the nature of illness/disease as well as morbidity and mortality, nurses must learn to adapt their practice to various cultural values and beliefs |
| Florence Nightingale is identified as the first nurse epidemiologist and researcher; what did she research and document as evidence? | In the Crimean War she found that when nurses controlled their environment (ventilation, light, decreased noise, hygiene, nutrition) it helped them restore to full health. Connected poor sanitation with cholera/dysentery. Evidence based practice. |
| Hildegarde Paplau's theory focuses on the nurse-patient relationship. How do nurses use this theory of communication? | Encouraged a nurse-patient relationship that was respectful, empathetic, nonjudgmental. 4 phases: Preorientation=data gathering. Orientation=defining issues. Working Phase=therapeutic activity Resolution=termination of relationship |
| What is the goal of Madeleine Leininger's theory? How does it impact nursing care | knowing what your patients cultural background is and how that applies to their care. Nurses need to integrate cultural traditions, values, and beliefs into their patient care in order to make sure the patient is comfortable. |
| Nursing research is published in professional nursing journals. What are the functions of nurses in research at each educational level? | Baccalaureate: basic understanding of research, apply it into clinical practice. Master's: evaluate findings/develop & implement EBP. Practiced Focused Doc: evaluation and use of research. Research Focused Doc.: plan/launch independent program of research |
| What is an institutional Review Board and what is its purpose? | Reviews/monitors biomedical research involving human rights, protecting the humans that are apart of research, can approve, modify, or decline research, protects rights/welfare of humans |
| Define evidence based practice according to Potter and Perry. | use of current best evidence form nursing research, clinical expertise, practice trends, patient references to the guide nursing decisions about care provided to the patients |
| What are the benefits to evidence based practice? | addresses clinical problems using the very best scientific/clinical research, enhances patient experience, decreases cost, empowers clinicians, improves patient care, improves quality/consistency of health care |
| What impact does a nursing shortage have on quality patient care? | fatigue, injury, job dissatisfaction, more mistakes, more medical errors. As a result patient care suffers by that and emergency overflowing. |
| What occupational risks might nurses encounter in practice? | biologic, chemical, ergonomic, physical, safety, psychological |
| What are the protections available to nurses? | nursing organizations, PPE, security, self defense for nurses course |
| Develop a timeline that follows Prentice, Breckenridge, Fairchild, Nightingale, Paplau, Leininger, Mahoney, Barton, Dix, Ward, and Brewster and how they made an impact on history | Based on age: Dix, Nightingale, Barton, Mahoney, Ward/Brewster, Breckinridge, Fairchild, Peplau, Leininger, Prentice |
| List 5 services the National League for Nursing provides | 1.preadmission/achievement tests for nursing students 2. Data on nursing personnel and trends in health care 3. testing service for State Board Exams 4. Research Division & Public Affairs office 5. Nursing Education Perspectives, publication organization |
| What is the relationship between the National Academy of Medicine (used to be IOM) and the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation? | seeks to build a blueprint for the future of nursing as part of larger efforts to reform the health care system by coming out with the 'The Future of Nursing: Leading Change, Advancing Health |
| What was the purpose of releasing 'The Future of Nursing: Leading Change, Advancing Health? | seeks to build a blueprint for the future of nursing as part of larger efforts to reform the health care system |
| What is QSEN and why was it developed | developed in response to reports about safety and quality patient care, sponsored by The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, addresses the challenge to prepare nurses with needed competencies to improve the quality of care. |
| What are the 6 competencies of QSEN? | patient-centered care, teamwork and collaboration, evidenced-based practice, quality improvement, and informatics. |
| What are KSAs? | Knowledge, Skills, Attitudes, developed for graduate programs, |
| Why are KSAs important to you as a student? | is to measure those qualities that will set one candidate apart from the others. In federal personnel guidance, KSAs are defined as the factors that identify the better candidates from a group of persons basically qualified for a position. |
| What is the joint commission? | seeks to continuously improve health care for the public, in collaboration with other stakeholders, by evaluating health care organizations and inspiring them to excel in providing safe and effective care of the highest quality and value. |
| Educator role in nursing | explaining concepts, methods, facts about health. Example: describing the need for routine care activities, self administer insulin, how to use a wheel chair |
| Caregiver role in nursing | maintaining and regaining health, manage disease symptoms, and attain a max level of function/independence through the healing process. Repairing a patient emotional, spiritual, and social well being along with the physical. |
| Advocate role in nursing | protecting your patients human and legal rights and providing help if needed. Example: providing info that helps a patient decide if they want treatment or finding an interpreter |
| Communicator role in nursing | you need to talk! talk to you patient, their family, your coworkers. mare sure there is no confusion anywhere. communication =care |
| Manager role in nursing | coordinates the activities of the members of staff; has personnel, policy, and budgetary responsibility for a specific nursing unit/agency. |
| What are the responsibilities of a nurse | care, comfort, health promotion, illness prevention, disease/symptom management, family support, end of life care |
| What is a nursing organization? What is the purpose? Examples | promote and encourage the use of evidence-based practice to its members. Nurses who are certified in their specialty will find that their nursing professional organization will offer continuing education that is pertinent to their practice. ANA NSNA NANN |
| Primary Care | precedes illness or disease. reducing risks to health for an entire population. nutrition, prenatal care, well baby check ups, exercise classes, immunizations, family planning, meditation. Physician offices, well child visits, outpatient service |
| Secondary Care | focus on early detection and treatment. BP screenings, mental health counseling/crisis prevention, seat beats/air bags/helmets, cancer screenings. Urgent care, emergency, radiological, inpatient care, outpatient surgery. |
| Tertiary Care | Intensive care, inpatient psych, specialty care(neuro, cardio), chronic disease management (diabetes, arthritis, depression), rehab for heart/pulm diseases, diagnosis/treatment. |
| Restorative Care | rehab programs-cardiac, pulm, sports medicine, spinal cord injury problems, home care. |
| Continuing Care | long term care, assisted living, psych and older adult day care. |
| How did Clara Barton influence nursing? | (1821-1912) Civil War time. Was deemed 'Angel of the Battlefield' and she declined a salary for caring for soldiers. Founder of the American Red Cross. Tended soldiers: cleaning wounds, meeting their needs, comforting them in death, etc. |
| How did Dorothea Dix influence nursing? | Better working conditions for nurses & the soldiers. Plain-looking women over 30 should be employed in order to avoid stereotypes of nurses. Fought for rights of the mentally ill. Lead female nurses Union Army. 1st generation of American Asylums. |
| Nursing as an art | a calling, caring, compassionate, nonjudgmental, culturally sensitive, 'Like a work of art, each encounter with a patient is unique.' Nurses care for the whole person- physically, mentally emotionally, spiritually |
| Nursing as a science | Anatomy, physiology, chemistry, mircobio, psychology, sociology, analyze, problem solve, think critically, communicate. evidence based practice: new discoveries/innovations. |
| Compare academic preparation in nursing with nursing continuing education | maintain current nursing skills, gain new info/theory, obtain new skills, offered by Uni, hospitals, state N associations, professional N organizations, educational/health care institutions. need 25 CEUs per 2 years; 2 in pain, 1 in human trafficking. |
| Compare academic preparation in nursing with in-service education | instruction or training provided by a health care agency or institution. Designed to increase knowledge, skills, competencies, may be needed in-service or a program offered to staff, focuses on new tech, policies, procedures, equipment |
| Benner's Model Novice stage | beginning nursing students or any nurse entering a situation which there is no previous level of experience. Learns via specific set of rules/expectations |
| Benner's Model Advanced Beginner | some level of experience with the situation, able to identify meaningful aspects/principals of nursing care |
| Benner's Model Competent | same clinical position for 2-3 years, understands the organization and specific care required by type of patient, able to anticipate nursing care and establish long range goals |
| Benner's Model Proficient | more than 2-3 years of experience in the same clinical position, recognizes patients clinical situation as a whole, able to assess entire situation, uses prior knowledge in new situations |
| Benner's Model Expert | diverse experience, intuitive grasp existing or potential clinical problems |
| American Nurses Associations: | having high standards for nursing, safe/ethical work environment, the health/wellness of nursing, and advocating on health care issues that affect nurses and the public. |
| National Student Nurses' Association: | a nonprofit organization founded in 1952 in the United States to mentor nursing students preparing for initial licensure as a Registered Nurse and promote professional development. |
| National Association of Neonatal Nurses: | committed to developing/delivering the tools & connections you need to advance your career and evolve the profession. high-risk neonates have a better chance of thriving because of the advances in medicine and the dedicated care they receive |
| National Gerontological Nursing Association: | to support nursing research that will help improve health care for older adults. |
| National League for Nursing: | premier organization for nurse faculty and leaders in nursing education. professional development, net work opportunities, testing service, research grants, public policy. |
| Emergency Nurses Association: | represents emergency nursing. Consisting of 40,000 members, ENA examines issues relevant to emergency care, publishes professional guidelines, and issues a peer-reviewed journal. |
| 0 step of evidenced based practice. | cultivate a spirit of inquiry. |
| 1 step of evidenced based practice. | ask a clinical question in PIOCT format. (Patient population of interest, Intervention or area of interest, Comparison intervention or area of interest, Outcome, Time) |
| 2 step of evidenced based practice. | search for the most relevant/best advice. |
| 3 step of evidenced based practice. | critically appraise the evidence gathered. |
| 4 step of evidenced based practice. | integrate all evidence w/ your clinical expertise/patient preferences. |
| 5 step of evidenced based practice. | evaluate the outcomes of practice decisions or changes using evidence |
| 6 step of evidenced based practice. | share the outcomes of EBP with others |
| Why is biologic a risk to nurses? | exposure to contagious and infectious diseases |
| Why are chemicals a risk to nurses? | anesthetic gases, medications, latex |
| Why is ergonomics a risk to nurses? | physical demands involve force, repetition, awkward postures and prolonged activities |
| Why are the physical risks to nurses? | exposure to radiation: both x-rays and radiation form radioisotopes |
| What are the safety risks for nurses? | needle sticks, combative patients, slip on wet floors |
| What are the psychological risks to nurses? | responsible for care, emergencies, and the need to make certain decisions, exposure to serious traumatic events, long hours |
Created by:
alexs13