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Organic Analysis

AQA A Level Chemistry

QuestionAnswer
What is observed when sodium is added to an alcohol? Fizzing
What is observed when potassium dichromate is added to a primary or secondary alcohol? Turns orange --> green
What is the test to differentiate between an aldehyde or a ketone? Fehling's, Benedict's or Tollen's
What is observed when aldehydes are added to tollens reagent Silver mirror formed
What is observed when an aldehyded is added to fehlings reagent red precipitate formed
What is the test and observation for an alkene? Bromine water, orange --> colourless
What are the steps to test for a halogenoalkane? Add sodium hydroxide, nitric acid, then silver nitrate
What is the observation when using silver nitrate to test for the different halogenoalkanes? Chlorine gives white precipitate, bromine cream, iodine yellow
What is the test and observation for a carboxylic acid? Add sodium hydrogen carbonate, fizzing
How can the results from mass spectrometry be used to work out the molecular mass of a compound? By the mass of the final peak in the spectrum
How can high resolution mass spectrometry distinguish between molecules with the same molecular mass? By resolving their masses to a greater/more precise number of decimal places
What is a wavenumber? 1/wavelength
Which regions in an IR spectra will show peaks for a given organic compound
Where can the finger print region be found on an IR spec below 1500cm-1
What happens to bonds when they absorb infra-red radiation the bonds begin to vibrate/strech
What causes global warming? Absorption of IR waves by bonds in greenhouse gases
What bond in methane aborbs infra-red radiation C-H bonds
What bond in Carbon dioxide absorbs infra-red radiation C=O bonds
What bond in water absorbs infra-red radiation O-H bonds
What are the three main greenhouse gases? Carbon dioxide, methane, water vapour
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