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Bryant Chm Ch1 Vocab
Chemistry Ch 1 Sec. 1, 2, 3, & 4 Vocabulary Words
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| chemistry | the study of matter and the changes that it undergoes. |
| substance | another name for a chemical - it is matter that has definite and uniform composition. |
| mass | a measurement that reflects the amount of matter. |
| weight | a measure not only of the amount of matter but also of the effect of Earth’s gravitational pull on that matter. |
| model | a visual, verbal, or mathematical explanation of experimental data. |
| scientific method | a systematic approach used in scientific study, whether it is chemistry, biology, physics, or another science. An organized process used by scientists to do research, and it provides a method for scientists to verify the work of others. |
| qualitative data | data—information that describes color, odor, shape, or some other physical characteristic. Anything that relates to the five senses is qualitative: how something looks, feels, sounds, tastes, or smells. |
| quantitative data | data that can measure temperature, pressure, volume, the quantity of a chemical formed, or how much of a chemical is used up in a reaction. It is numerical data - something you quantify with numbers. |
| hypothesis | a tentative explanation for what has been observed. Usually written in an "if...., then....." statement. |
| experiment | a set of controlled observations that test the hypothesis. |
| independent variable | the variable the experimenter manipulates or changes, and is assumed to have a direct effect on the dependent variable |
| dependent variable | the variable being tested and measured in an experiment, and is 'dependent' on the independent variable. |
| control | the standard by which the test results can be compared. |
| conclusion | a judgment based on the information obtained. |
| theory | is an explanation of a natural phenomenon based on many observations and investigations over time. |
| scientific law | a relationship in nature that is supported by many experiments. |
| pure research | conducted with the sole objective of contributing to existing knowledge by gathering information. This form of research creates a better way to predict, define, comprehend, and evolve theories. |
| applied research | focuses on the use of information to create useful materials. It is used to find solutions to everyday problems, cure illness, and develop innovative technologies. |
| ozone | made up of oxygen, it is a substance in the atmosphere that absorbs most harmful radiation before it reaches Earth’s surface. |
| chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) | a substance that consists of chlorine, fluorine, and carbon. They used to be in refrigerators and air conditioners. |
| The Montreal Protocol | An international agreement signed in 1987 by many nation leaders around the world where they agreed to phase out the use of these CFCs and place restrictions on how they should be used in the future. |
Created by:
Mr. Bryant
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