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chapter 27
the male reproduction 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| In the male, where is follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) secreted? | Anterior pituitary gland |
| Name the tissue that functions by swelling with blood, as is found in the penis and clitoris. | Erectile tissue |
| True or false: Elevated levels of FSH and LH in males may produce male climacteric, a condition with symptoms similar to female menopause. | True |
| What are the first few years of adolescence called? | Puberty |
| Where does spermatogenesis occur? | Seminiferous tubules |
| The binding of testosterone by ABP (androgen binding protein) leads to the onset and rising rate of ______. | spermatogenesis |
| Human somatic (body) cells are ______; they have ______ chromosomes. | diploid, 46 |
| Androgen-binding protein raises the level of the hormone ______ in the seminiferous tubules and epididymis. | testosterone |
| In mitosis each parent cell produces ______ daughter cells, while in meiosis, ______ gametes are produced. | 2, 4 |
| The hormone secreted by the anterior pituitary gland that enhances the production of androgen-binding proteins is ______. | FSH |
| Genetic recombination and the reduction in chromosome number by one-half, are achieved through which form of cell division? | Meiosis |
| Falling levels of testosterone and inhibin may bring about a period of declining male reproductive function, called | andropause |
| What are the earliest stem cells specifically destined to become spermatogonia? | Primordial germ cells |
| Which is the term for the process of sperm production. | Spermatogenesis |
| Which is the stem cell that directly produces spermatocytes? | Spermatogonium |
| While somatic cells are diploid, gametes are ; they have one copy of each type of chromosome. | haploid |
| Meiosis I of spermatogenesis gives rise to two equal-size, haploid and genetically unique spermatocytes. | secondary |
| From which process(es) are genetically distinct daughter cells produced? | Meiosis |
| What is the main goal of meiosis? | To produce cells with one copy of each chromosome |
| Where do primordial germ cells destined to become sperm form? | york sac |
| During meiosis II, each secondary spermatocyte divides, resulting in a total of spermatids combined from the two spermatocytes | 4 |
| Which type of stem cell produces cells which, in turn, enter meiosis? | Spermatogonium |
| The process of sperm production is ______. | spermatogenesis |
| Which cell undergoes meiosis I giving rise to two equal-size, haploid, and genetically-unique secondary spermatocytes? | Primary spermatocyte |
| A spermatozoon is a mature ______. | sperm cell |
| Which process produces genetically unique haploid cells? | Meiosis |
| Genetic recombination and the reduction in chromosome number by one-half, are achieved through which form of cell division? | Meiosis |
| A pear-shaped head and long tail are the two major parts of which of the following? | Spermatozoon |
| Each secondary spermatocyte undergoes meiosis II, giving rise to which of the following? | Spermatids |
| List the events that occur during spermiogenesis. | Growth of a flagellum Loss of excess cytoplasm |
| The head of a sperm is comprised of what three components? | Acrosome Flagellar basal body Nucleus |
| What is the term for a mature sperm cell? | Spermatozoon |
| The modified lysosome within a spermatozoon that contains enzymes needed to penetrate the egg is called the | acrosome |
| The fluid expelled during male orgasm is called | semen |
| Which describes a mature spermatozoon? | Pear-shaped head with a long tail |
| Which secretion of the prostrate breaks down semenogelin, liquifying the semen? | Serine protease |
| During meiosis II, each secondary spermatocyte divides, resulting in a total of spermatids combined from the two spermatocytes. | 4 |
| What is infertility? | The inability to fertilize an egg |
| Which region of the spermatozoon contains the nucleus? | Head |
| What are the four phases of intercourse? | Resolution Excitement Orgasm Plateau |
| Which part of a sperm is a modified lysosome and contains enzymes needed to penetrate the egg? | Acrosome |
| Which vessels drains blood from the penis? | Deep dorsal vein |
| A typical ejaculation results in the discharge of 2 to 5mL of a fluid called ______. | semen |
| Which are secreted by the seminal vesicles? | Proseminogelin Prostaglandins Fructose |
| Sensory neurons of the penis travel along which of the following nerves? | Sacral plexus Internal pudendal nerves Dorsal nerves |
| A sperm count lower than 20 to 25 million sperm/mL usually results in a condition called ______. | infertility |
| List, in order, the phases of intercourse. | excitement plateau orgasm resolution |
| What are four characteristics of the excitement phase of intercourse? | Vasocongestion Increased heart rate Increased blood pressure Myotonia |
| The two branches of the penile artery are the dorsal artery and the artery. | deep |
| Ejaculation occurs in two stages called emission and | expulsion |
| The fluid expelled during male orgasm is called | semen |
| During which phase of ejaculation is sperm propelled from the tail of the epididymis into the ampulla? | Emission |
| Motor neurons to the penis travel within the internal nerves. | pudendal |
| The period of time after male orgasm, when it is not possible to retain erection or to ejaculate, is known as the period. | refractory |
| During the excitement phase of intercourse, what is it called when the genitals swell with blood? | Vasocongestion |
| What are the two stages of ejaculation? | Emission Expulsion |
| During the phase of ejaculation, the sympathetic nervous system stimulates peristalsis in the smooth muscle of the ductus deferens. | emission |
| Sensory neurons of the penis travel along which of the following nerves? | Sacral plexus Dorsal nerves Internal pudendal nerves |
| In men, resolution is followed by a period, lasting anywhere from 10 minutes to a few hours, in which it is usually impossible to attain another erection and orgasm. | refractory |
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ccarterreid1