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Exam 2

Ch. 4,5,6 information

TermDefinition
Chemical Change changes 1 substance into an entirely new substance with new properties
Chemical Equations expression using chemical formulas to indicate reactants and products of a chemical reaction
Aqueous Solution solution in which the solvent is water
Solvent component of mixture in the greater amount (often water)
Solute component of mixture in lesser amount (electrolytes and nonelectrolytes)
Electrolyte compound that breaks into ions when dissolved in water and conducts electricity (ionic compounds,acids,bases)
Nonelectrolyte compound that does not break into ions when dissolved in water and does not conduct electricity (molecular compounds)
Molecular Equation full chemical equation of both reactants and products with physical state listed
Ionic Equation complete breakdown of molecular equation that breaks apart aq compound into individual ions
Net Ionic Equation leaves out extra info from the ionic equation
Acids produce H+ when dissolved in water
Strong Acid will dissociate 100% in water; only ions are present
Weak Acid partially dissociates in water; ions and molecules are present
Bases produce OH- when dissolved in water
Stoichiometry numerical relationship between chemical quantities in a balanced equation
Percent Yield comparison of actual to theoretical percent yield
Actual Yield no calculation; experimentally determined (product)
Theoretical Yield requires stoichiometric calculation (reactant)
Limiting Reactant comparison of one reactant to another indirectly through amount of product produced (lowest product)
Kinetic Molecular Theory theory of gases. Particles are in constant motion, moving in straight paths
Pressure force exerted by gas against wall of container atmosphere (atm, psi, mm of mercury)
Volume space occupied by a gas (L, mL, cm3)
Temperature factor that determined kinetic energy of particles (K, C)
Amount quantity of gas present in container (mol, g)
Boyle's Law describes how volume of a gas is changed as pressure is changed
Charle's Law how volume of a gas is changed as temp is changed
Gay-Lussac's Law how pressure of a gas is changed as temp is changed
Combined Law 3 laws comparing P,V,T
Ideal Gas Law R=PV/nT
Dalton's Law each component of the mixture is said to exert a pressure called partial pressure
Ptot total pressure of a mixture is the sum of the pressure of its compounds
Created by: Izzy Marie
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