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Chapter 28
Chapter 28: Structure and Function of the Hematologic System
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| 1. What is the most abundant class of plasma protein | b. Albumin |
| 2. What is the effect of low plasma albumin | d. Osmotic pressure decreases; thus water moves from the capillaries to the Interstitium. |
| 3. What is the life span of an erythrocyte (in days) | c. 100 to 120 |
| 4. What does the student learn about erythrocytes | c. Erythrocytes have the ability to change shape to squeeze through microcirculation. |
| 5. What are granulocytes that contain granules of vasoactive amines, such as histamine, called | d. Basophils |
| 6. Which of these are formed elements of the blood that are not cells but are disk-shaped cytoplasmic fragments essential for blood clotting | b. Platelets |
| 7. What are blood cells that differentiate into macrophages known as | a. Monocytes |
| 8. Without prior exposure to an antigen, which cells are able to destroy some types of tumor cells and some virus-infected cells | d. Natural killer (NK) cells |
| 9. What is the life span of platelets (in days) | 10 |
| 10. Fetal hematopoiesis occurs primarily in which structure | b. Spleen |
| 11. What is the consequence of a splenectomy | c. The number of defective cells in circulation increases. |
| 12. A professor explains to a class that the reason lymph nodes enlarge and become tender during infection is because of what reason | a. B lymphocytes proliferate. |
| 13. Which hemoglobin is made from oxidized ferric iron (Fe3+) and lacks the ability to bind oxygen | c. Methemoglobin |
| 14. A patient has pernicious anemia and asks the healthcare professional to explain the disease. Which statement by the professional is most accurate | b. Your body cannot absorb vitamin B12. |
| 15. By which structure are mature erythrocytes removed from the bloodstream | d. Spleen |
| 16. A patient has chronic anemia associated with chronic renal failure. What substance does the healthcare professional tell the patient is needed to treat this anemia | b. Erythropoietin |
| 17. What is the role of thromboxane A (TXA2) in the secretion stage of hemostasis | c. Stimulates platelet aggregation. |
| 18. Which of these is the role of nitric oxide (NO) in hemostasis | d. Controls platelet activation through in concert with prostacyclin. |
| 19. The drug heparin acts in hemostasis by which processes | a. Inhibiting thrombin and antithrombin III (AT-III) |
| 20. What is plasmin’s role in the clotting process | d. Degrades the fibrin within blood clots. |
| 21. Soon after birth, a newborn has cord blood drawn which shows hemoglobin of 28.2 mg/dL. What does the healthcare professional understand about this finding | a. The baby suffered from hypoxia in utero. |
| 22. Where are Kupffer cells located | b. Liver |
| 23. The student learns that Langerhans cells are only found in which organ | . Skin |
| 24. What does the student learn about the role of collagen in the clotting process | b. Activates platelets |
| 25. Which form of iron (Fe) can be used in the formation of normal hemoglobin | b. Fe2+ |
| 26. What change to the hematologic system is related to age | b. Lymphocyte function decreases. |
| 27. What is the function of erythrocytes | a. Tissue oxygenation |
| 1. Which characteristics allow erythrocytes to function as gas carriers | c. Reversible deformability, e. Biconcavity |
| 2. Which statements about plasma proteins are correct | a. Provide clotting factors, b. Transport triglycerides, c. Synthesize complement proteins, e. Transport cholesterol. |
| 3. What are the primary anticoagulant mechanisms | a. Antithrombin III, b. Tissue factor pathway inhibitor, . Protein C |
| 4. What does the student learn regarding the role of the endothelium in clot formation | a. The surface of the endothelium produces plasma protease inhibitor, b. Plasma protease inhibitors assist in preventing clot formation. c. Thrombomodulin is a protein that is converted on the surface of endothelial cells. |
| 5. Which statements characterize albumin | . It provides colloid osmotic pressure. . It is synthesized in the liver.. It is a carrier for drugs that have low water solubility. |
| 6. Which nutrients are necessary for the synthesis of DNA and the maturation of erythrocytes | c. Cobalamin (vitamin B12), d. Folate |
| 7. Which nutrients are necessary for hemoglobin synthesis | b. Iron, c. B6 (pyridoxine) |
Created by:
MaryvilleU