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Nail Tech: Ch: 11
Nail Product Chemistry Simplified
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Acrylates | Specialized acrylic monomers (cross - linking) that have good adhesion to the natural nail plate and polymerize in minutes. Used to make UV gels. |
| Acrylic | The name for an entire family of chemicals used to make all types of nail enhancements and adhesives, including wraps, glues, UV gels, and liquid / powder systems. |
| Adhesion | A chemical reaction resulting in two surfaces sticking together. |
| Adhesive | An agent that causes two surfaces to stick together. |
| Catalyst | Substances that speed up chemical reactions. |
| Chemical | A substance obtained by a chemical process or producing a chemical effect. |
| Coatings | Products, including nail polish, top coats, artificial nail enhancements, and adhesives, that cover the nail plate with a hard film. |
| Corrosive | A substance capable of seriously damaging skin, eyes, or other soft tissues on contact. Some corrosives have delayed action (minutes); others affect the skin almost instantly. |
| Cross - Linker | A monomer that joins together different polymer chains. |
| Cyanoacrylates | A specialized acrylic monomer (non - cross - linking) that has excellent adhesion to the natural nail plate and polymerizes in seconds; used to make wraps and nail adhesives. |
| Evaporate | A change from liquid to vapor form. |
| Gas | A state of matter different from liquid or solid. Gases are not formed by evaporation of liquids, as are vapors. Gases must not be confused with vapors or fumes. |
| Methacrylates | A type of acrylic monomer (cross - linking) that has very good adhesion to the natural nail plate and polymerizes in minutes; used to make all liquid / powder systems and at least one type of UV gel. |
| Methyl Methacrylate Monomer (MMA) | A substance in wide use around the world for many applications, such as bone repair cement for implantation into the body. |
| Monomers | A molecule that can polymerize to form long polymer chains. |
| Nail Primer | A substance that improves adhesion; used on the natural nail prior to product application to assist in adhesion. |
| Oligomer | Short chain of monomers that is not long enough to be considered a polymer. |
| Overexposure | Prolonged, repeated, or long - term exposure that can cause sensitivity. |
| Overfiling | Excessively roughing up the nail plate. |
| Photoinitiators | A chemical that in combination with resins and the proper curing lamp causes UV gels to cure. |
| Plasticizers | Ingredients used to keep nail enhancement products flexible. |
| Polymerization | Also known as curing or hardening; a chemical reaction that creates polymers. |
| Polymers | A substance formed by combining many small molecules (monomers) or oligomers, usually in extremely long, chainlike structures. |
| Simple Polymer Chains | The result of a long chain of monomers that are attached from head to tail. |
| Thermal Initiators | Ingredients that use heat as an energy source for starting chemical reactions, such as polymerizing monomers into polymer. |
| UV Stabilizers | Ingredients that control color stability and prevent sunlight from causing fading or discoloration. |
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