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Electrostatics

TermDefinition
Electrostatics Study of electric charge at rest
Proton Positive charge
Electron Negative charge
Negatively Charged Excess electrons
Positively Charged Too few electrons
Neutral Same number of electrons and protons
Coulomb SI unit of charge
Conductors Materials in which charges are free to move about
Insulators Materials in which charges are not free to move about
Semiconductors Materials in which are good insulators in pure form but their conducting properties can be adjusted over a wide range by introducing very small amounts of impurities
Superconductors Materials that lose all resistance to charge movement at temperatures near absolute zero (0 K or -273 C)
Electric Force A force between objects with charge, depends on size and distance
Coulomb's Law F electric = k (q1q2 / d^2)
Charging by friction When one material has more affinity for electrons than another (neutral) material, it will attract electrons from the other
Charging by Contact or Conduction If a charged object is brought in contact with a neutral object, charges will be repelled from (or attracted to) the charged object
Grounding Providing a path from a charged object to the Earth
Polarization Bringing a charged object near (but not touching) a neutral object
Electric Dipole An object that is electrically neutral overall but permanently polarized (H2O)
Charging by Induction Bringing a Charged Object near (but not touching) a neutral object
Electric Field Surrounding any object with charge, or collection of objects with charge
Uniform Field Lines Parallel, equally spaced field lines
Non-uniform Field lines Stronger where field lines are closer together
Positive Field Lines Field lines that go away from the charge
Negative Field Lines Field lines are directed toward the field charge
Created by: linamtz
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