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What are the 4 functions of behavior?
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What are antecedent strategies used for?
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ABA Study Guide
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the 4 functions of behavior? | Attention, Escape/Avoidance, Access, Sensory |
| What are antecedent strategies used for? | -To increase compliance, decrease chance of client engaging in maladaptive bx |
| Name at least 4 antecedent strategies | Prime, First/Then or Premack Principle, Provide choices, Provide information, Control Environmental factors |
| What is errorless learning? When do you use it? | Used when teaching a new skill. Use most to least intrusive prompt |
| What is error correction? When do you use it? | -Used when skill is acquired. Use least to most intrusive prompt |
| Name the program domains and what they are. | - Attention, Imitation, Listener Responding, Communication (Echoic, Mand, Tact, Intraverbal), Independent Play, Socialization, Self-Help, Independent Living, Self-Regulation/Behavior Management |
| What are the prompts from most to least intrusive? | Physicsl, Model, Verbal, Gestural, Positional, Visual, Time Delay |
| What is extinction? What is an extinction burst? What is spontaneous recover? | Extinction: Withholding reinforcement, Extinction burst: When behaviors increase in intensity for a short amount of time when reinforcement is withheld, Spontaneous recovery: When a past maladaptive behavior is present but only for a short period of time |
| What is the difference between DTT and NET? | -DTT: uses contrived reinforcers, adult directed -NET: uses natural reinforcerers. Directed by both client and adult |
| What is deprivation? What is satiation? | -Deprivation: The absence or reduction of a stimulus for a period of time. -Satiation: Having too much of a stimulus (ex. Eating too much pizza) |
| What is a replacement behavior? | -A desirable behavior you want to replace an unwanted behavior. For example, instead of yelling at caregiver for attention, client can mand “excuse me” |
| What is maintenance? | -Maintenance is the process by which skills learned are maintained by the natural environment after instruction stops. |
| What is generalization? | Generalization is the process by which skills learned are utilized in the real world. Generalization should be part of the daily routine, include parents and other caregivers and occur outside the instructional setting. |
| Describe forward task chaining? | Forward: The first link is taught initially; subsequent links are added from the beginning to the end of the chain once the step is mastered |
| Describe backward task chaining? | Backward: Last link is taught initially, subsequent links are then added from the end to the beginning of the chain (i.e. tying your shoe laces) |
| Describe total task chaining? | Total: Entire chain is taught simultaneously, with the assistance of graduated guidance as needed |
| What is the three term contingency? | ABC (Antecedent-Behavior-Consequence) |
| First/Then agreements | Participation in a highly preferred task occurs only after participating in an undesired task. (First eating onions, then eating ice cream) |
| What is an instruction? | A Question or directive. Lets the child know when and how to respond. Example - "Stephenie" - she responds |
| Calling a client's name as an instruction is an example of what domain? | attention |
| If a client asks for help on their homework and is denied help from their parent and stops asking for their help, is that positive or negative reinforcement or punishment? | positive punishment |
| What is Mand training? | Second phase of developing verbal communication - Asking for reinforcers that you want (i.e. requesting things) - - no motivation = no mand (present item wanted by client and ask "what do you want?" and have the client say what it is they want. |
| Why is taking data SO important? | To provide information on the behavior |
| ABA therapy is based off of what type of research? | Empirical research |
| What is echoic training? | The first phase of developing verbal communication. - Repeating what is heard Example: Saying “shoes” after someone else said, “Say shoes” |
| If a BT says "horse" and the client responds with saying "horse" and then is given reinforcement- this is an example of what domain? | Echoic training |
| If a client uses ASL to request/ask for water - this is an example of what domain? | Mand |
| If someone gets into a traffic accident for speeding and now they are less likely to speed this is an example of a positive or negative reinforcement or punishment? | negative punishment |
| If a BT was given a Mand training response to a client who scratching when asking for something, what would the BT say? | "What are you supposed to say" |
| What is shared control? | Taking turns with the client during your session to share control of the session. For example, you pick the first activity and then you ask the client “what do you want to do next?” - Balance of two or three shared choices between therapist and child. |
| What is tact? | Naming and identifying objects, actions, or events (i.e., labeling). Example: Saying “shoes” because you see your shoes. BT might say - Tell me about it? - What do you see? |
| What is NET? | Focuses on the child’s immediate interests as a guide for instruction. |
| What is priming? | Rehearsing a behavior related to the target skill prior to data collection. Providing transitional cues and setting expectations for the client about the upcoming event or change in activity |
| The best prompting strategy to use when teaching new skills is: | Starting with most intrusive prompts |
| Diana was playing with whipped cream. Diana spilled it on the floor. Her mother made her clean the whole room. For the remainder of the week Diana did not play with whipped cream. The consequence procedure used is: | Positive Punishment |
| Client sees mom holding a baseball > Client says to mom “Can I have the baseball?” > Client’s mom hands client baseball. In this sequence, the mother is targeting what domain? | Mand |
| If the SD is, “How are you doing?”, an indirect verbal prompt is best exemplified by: | “What are you supposed to say?” |
| Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) is one of the most popular choices in treatment because: | It is supported by empirical research |
| List the 3 areas of generalization: | People, objects, settings |
| Why is it important to collect data on the antecedents and consequences when a maladaptive behavior occurs? | To provide information on the potential function of a behavior |
| When unsure how to implement a specific goal with a client: | Read target instructions in Catalyst |
| What is Listener Responding? | When the client completes a task or instruction asked of him/her by others |
| True or false: Verbal praise is an example of a natural reinforcer | False |
| Prompt fading: | Increases the possibility of independence |
Created by:
Hannahnduran