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CCNA2
CCNA 2 Chapter 2 Switching Concepts
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| public switched telephone network (PSTN) Page 46 | A general term referring to the variety of telephone networks and services in place worldwide. Also called the plain old telephone service (POTS). |
| ingress Page 46 | The entrance or the way in. |
| egress Page 46 | The exit or the way out. |
| egress port Page 46 | The port through which a frame exits a switch. |
| ingress port Page 46 | The port through which a frame enters a switch. |
| MAC address table Page 47 | On a switch, a table that lists all known MAC addresses and the bridge/switch port out that the bridge/switch should use to forward frames sent to each MAC address. Also known as a CAM table. |
| content addressable memory (CAM) Page 47 | Table in memory that stores source MAC addresses and port numbers learned from frames entering the switch. Also called the MAC address table. |
| application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs) Page 48 | Electronics added to a switch that allow it to have more ports without degrading performance. |
| store-and-forward switching Page 49 | This method makes a forwarding decision on a frame after it has received the entire frame and checked the frame for errors using a mathematical error-checking mechanism known as a cyclic redundancy check (CRC). Store-and- forward switching is Cisco’s primary LAN switching method. |
| cut-through switching Page 49 | This method begins the forwarding process after the destination MAC address of an incoming frame and the egress port have been determined. |
| frame check sequence (FCS) Page 49 | value in the last field of the datagram against its own FCS calculations. The FCS is an error-checking process that helps to ensure that the frame is free of physical and data-link errors. |
| buffer Page 49 | Refers to an area of memory used to temporarily store data. |
| rapid frame switching Page 49 | A switch forwarding characteristic referring to way the cut-through method makes a forwarding decision as soon as it has looked up the destination MAC address of the frame in its MAC address table. The switch does not have to wait for the rest of the frame to enter the ingress port before making its forwarding decision. |
| fragment free switching Page 50 | A modified form of cut-through switching in which the switch waits for the collision window (64 bytes) to pass before forwarding the frame. This means each frame will be checked into the data field to make sure no fragmentation has occurred. Fragment free switching provides better error checking than cut-through, with practically no increase in latency. |
| high-performance computing (HPC) applications Page 50 | Applications that solve complex computational problems using a fast infrastructure connecting super computers and parallel processing techniques. 10 microseconds or less |
| collision domains Page 51 | A network segment that shares the same bandwidth between the devices, such as between a switch and a PC. Each port on a switch is its own collision domain. Every device connected to a hub is within a single collision domain, meaning that when two devices attempt communication simultaneously, collisions occur. |
| broadcast domains Page 51 | All nodes that are part of a network segment, VLAN, or subnet, and all devices on the LAN receive broadcast frames from a host within the LAN. A broadcast domain is bounded by a Layer 3 device. A Layer 3 device such as a router sets the boundary of the broadcast domain. |
| high port density Page 54 | Switches have high-port densities: 24- and 48-port switches are often just a single rack unit and operate at speeds of 100 Mb/s, 1 Gb/s, and 10 Gb/s. Large enterprise switches may support many hundreds of ports. |
| Automatic buffering | The ingress port buffering process used by store-and-forward switches provides the flexibility to support any mix of Ethernet speeds. |
| Characteristics of switches that alleviate network congestion include the following: | Fast port speeds Fast internal switching Large Frame Buffers High port density |
| Which port speed will be autonegotiated between a host with a 1 Gbps NIC connecting to a Cisco Catalyst 2960 switch with a 100 Mbps port? | 100 Mbps |
| Which device separates broadcast domains? | Router |
| What are the special characteristics do LAN switches use to alleviate network congestion? | Fast port speeds Fast internal switching Large Frame Buffers High port density |
| What is one function of a Layer 2 switch? 1. Determines which interface is used to forward a frame based on the destination MAC address 2. Duplicates the electrical signal of each frame to every port 3. Forwards data based on logical addressing 4. Learns the port assigned to a host by examining the destination MAC address | 1. Determines which interface is used to forward a frame based on the destination MAC address |
| What criteria is used by a Cisco LAN switch to decide how to forward Ethernet frames? | 2. Destination MAC address |
| Which type of address does a switch use to build the MA address table? | 4. Source MAC address |
| What are two reasons a network administrator would segment a network with a Layer 2 switch? (Choose two.) 1. To create fewer collision domains 2. To create more broadcast domains 3. To eliminate virtual circuits 4. To enhance user bandwidth 5. To isolate ARP request messages from the rest of the network 6. To isolate traffic between segments | 4. To enhance user bandwidth 6. To isolate traffic between segments |
| A switch has received a frame on an ingress port. What will the switch do if the unicast destination MAC address is in the MAC address table? | 4. It will forward the frame out of the specified port in the MAC address table. |
| A switch has received a frame on an ingress port. What will the switch do if the unicast destination MAC address is not in the MAC address table? | 3. It will forward the frame out all ports except the incoming port. |
| A switch has received a frame on an ingress port. What will the switch do if the destination MAC address is a broadcast address? | 3. It will forward the frame out all ports except the incoming port. |
| Which switching method makes use of the FCS value? | 4. Store-and-forward |
| Which switching method forwards the frame immediately after examining the destination MAC address? | 2. Cut-though |
| Which statement about half-duplex and full-duplex communication is true? | 2. Full-duplex communication is bidirectional. |
| Which network device can be used to eliminate collisions on an Ethernet network? | Switch |
| What is the purpose of frame buffers on a switch? | They hold traffic thus alleviation network congestion |
| Which network device can serve as a boundary to divide a Layer 2 broadcast domain? | Router |
| describe store and forward switching method? | store-and -forward: ensures that the frame is free of physical and data link errors |
| Which type of address does a switch use to build the MAC address table? | Source MAC address |
| Which two statements are true about half-duplex and full-duplex communications? (Choose two.) | Full duplex allows both ends to transmit and receive simultaneously. Full duplex increases the effective bandwidth |
| Which information does a switch use to keep the MAC address table information current? | The source Mac address and the incoming port |
| What does the term port density represent for an Ethernet switch | The # of available ports |
| Which switching method makes use of the FCS value? | Store and forward |
| Which switch characteristic helps alleviate network congestion when a 10 Gbps port is forwarding data to a 1 Gbps port? | Frame buffering |
| What will a Cisco LAN switch do if it receives an incoming frame and the destination MAC address is not listed in the MAC address table? | Forward the frame out all ports except the port where the frame is received |
| What is the significant difference between a hub and a Layer 2 LAN switch? | A switch creates many smaller collision domains and a hub increases the size of a single collision domain |
| Which statement is true about broadcast and collision domains? | Adding a switch to a network will increase the size of the broadcast domain. |
Created by:
jacobth