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yr10 maths number
keywords for yr 10 maths number topic
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Decimal | ... a number that contains a Decimal Point. Used to separate a whole number from the fractional part of the number. eg 6.25 Place values after a decimal point are tenths, 100th, 1000th etc |
| Fraction | ... part of a whole. The top part (the numerator) says how many parts we have. The bottom part (the denominator) says how many parts the whole is divided into. |
| percentage | ... parts per 100. The symbol is % |
| convert | to change from one form to another eg units: mL to L or km to m. eg fractions to decimals or percentages |
| cancel | to remove or equal out with the opposite effect. eg a fraction is put in lowest terms by cancelling out the common factors of the numerator and the denominator. |
| simplify | To simplify to its simplest form: eg fractions and ratios - to reduce the numerator and denominator to the smallest numbers possible by dividing by a common factor. |
| factor | a whole number that divides exactly into another number. or a whole number that multiplies with another number to make a third number. |
| multiple | multiples are a sequence of products using the same base number multiplied by different numbers. eg 3x is base number; products 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18 etc for 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 etc respectively. |
| power | the number of times a base number is multiplied by itself, indicated by a small number to its upper-right e.g. 105 = 10 x 10 x 10 x 10 x 10, read as 10 to the power of 5. The small number is called a power, an exponent, an index or order. |
| root | A square root of a number is a value that, when multiplied by itself, gives the number. Example: 4 × 4 = 16, so a square root of 16 is 4. |
| mixed number | A whole number and a fraction combined into one "mixed" number. Example: 1½ (one and a half) is a mixed number. Also called a Mixed Fraction |
| improper fraction | A fraction where the numerator (the top number) is greater than or equal to the denominator (the bottom number). ... Example: 5/3 (five thirds) and 9/8 (nine eighths) are improper fractions. |
| recurring decimal | Repeating decimal (or recurring decimal) is a decimal where the number or pattern repeats forever. ie repeating pattern of digits eg 1/3 = 0.333333333 eg 1/7 = 142857142857142 |
| significant figures | the digits that give most meaning to a number. The most significant digit in an integer is the number on the left. The most significant digit in a decimal fraction is the first non-zero number after the decimal point. |
| LCM | lowest common multiple: the smallest number that is the multiple of. two or more other numbers. |
| HCF | he highest or greatest common factor that will divide two or more other numbers exactly. |
| standard form | is the usual way of writing numbers in decimal notation, i.e. standard form = 876, expanded form = 800 + 70 + 6, written form = eight hundred seventy six. |
| round | to change a number to a more convenient value. Usually round a number up one digit if subsequent number 5 or more. eg 5.676 = 6 or 5.7 if one dp. |
| prime number | A whole number with exactly two factors, itself and 1. The number 5 is a prime number because it cannot be divided evenly by any other numbers except for 5 and 1. The number 4 is not a prime number because it can be divided evenly by 4, 2, and 1. |
| increase | Make something bigger (in size or quantity). |
| decrease | Make something smaller (in size or quantity). As the parrot drinks, the amount left in the can will decrease. |
| GST | Goods and Service Tax to be paid on the price of goods purchased. In other countries it is called sales tax or value tax. |
| profit | a profit occurs when you sell something. for more than it cost. A business profit occurs when a business makes more money than it spends. |
| loss | a loss occurs when you sell something for less than it cost. A business loss occurs when a business makes less money than it spends. |
| debt | Something owed, usually money (dollars, euros, rupees, etc). Example: Sam borrows $20 from Alex: Sam is now in debt to Alex. |
| ratio | commonly a ratio is the comparison of two values of the same kind, which may be written as a to b, a:b or as a fraction a/b. eg to compare the number of boys to girls in a class room. |
| rates | a ratio between two measurements using different units, for example, births per year, cost per person, words per minute. |
Created by:
simkar
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