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week 8 lab
back, posterior and anterior forearm- arm, arteries and nerves
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What muscles are innervated by the dorsal scapular nerve (C5)? What are the actions of these muscles? | 1. rhomboid major and minor, levator scapulae 2. retraction of the shoulder |
| What muscle is deep to the trapezius, from the inferior angle of scapula to the spine of the scapula ? | Rhomboid major |
| Which muscle is just inferior to the rhomboid major and is at the medial border of the scapula just above the scapular spine? | Rhomboid minor |
| What muscle is from spine of the scapula to the superior border & angle, then runs towards the front of the trapezius and up to the transverse processes of the cervical vertebrae? | Levator scapulae |
| What nerve can get entrapped between the posterior scalene, levator scapulae and or in the belly of the middle scalene? | Dorsal scapular nerve (C5) |
| This muscle starts of the vertebral border of the scapula and helps hold the scapula in place to the rib cage. This muscle digitates with the fibers of the external oblique. What is this muscles origin and insertion? | muscle: serratus anterior 1. origin: external, lateral surfaces of ribs 1-8 (sometimes 9) 2. insertion: anterior medial border of scapula |
| Damage to this nerve____ or this muscle ___ can cause scapular winging. | 1. nerve: long thoracic (C5-C7 -sometimes C8) 2. Muscle: serratus anterior |
| This muscle is innervated by the axillary nerve and inserts at the deltoid tuberosity. What 2 compartments does this muscle border? | Muscle (deltoid) borders anterior and posterior compartments of the arm |
| What are the 3 muscles in the anterior compartment innervated by the musculocutaneous nerve (C5-C7)? | 1. biceps brachii (Long head and Short head) 2. coracobrachialis 3. brachialis |
| The long head of the biceps brachii is ____ to the short head of the biceps brachii | lateral |
| What 2 muscles in the anterior compartment of the arm both flex the elbow? | 1. biceps brachii 2. brachialis |
| The long head of the biceps sits in the ________ between the greater tubercle and lesser tubercle of the humerus | Bicipital groove |
| The short head of the biceps brachii originates at the _____ | Coracoid process |
| Name the muscles that originate and insert at the coracoid process and tell if they insert or originate | 1. Short head of biceps brachii (originate) 2. pectoralis minor (insert) 3. coracobrachialis (originate) |
| what muscle usually fuses with the short head of the biceps brachii? | coracobrachialis |
| The coracobrachialis run ____ to the biceps brachii | medial |
| The musculocutaneous nerve usually pierces through what muscle of the anterior arm? | coracobrachialis |
| The biceps brachii inserts ____ allowing for ____ of the forearm | 1. inserts: radial tuberosity and fascial of bicipital aponeurosis 2. allows for: supination of forearm |
| The brachialis inserts ______ and is the strongest _____ of the elbow in all positions | 1. inserts: coronoid process and ulnar tuberosity of ulna 2. Flexor |
| What muscle can you see shorten on the anterior compartment of the arm with supination and pronation? | Biceps brachii |
| what muscle in the anterior arm is the only muscle innervated by 2 nerves? name them. | Brachialis 1. musculocutaneous (C5-C7) 2. Radial nerve (C5-C7) |
| Name the muscles of the posterior compartment of the arm | 1. Triceps brachii (Long head, Lateral head, Medial head) 2. anconeus |
| What nerve is the Long head of the triceps brachii innervated by? | Axillary nerve (c5-C6) |
| What nerve innervates the Lateral and medial heads of the triceps brachii? | Radial nerve (c7-C8) |
| What nerve innervates the anconeus ? Name the nerve roots as well | Radial nerve (C7-T1) |
| The radial nerve travels through what space? | Triangular space |
| name the muscles innervated by the radial nerve (C5-C7) | 1. brachioradialis 2. extensor carpi radialis longus 3. lateral and medial head of triceps brachii 4. anconeus |
| Name the muscles of the posterior forearm innervated by the deep radial nerve (c7-C8) | 1. extensor carpi radialis brevis 2. extensor digitorum 3. extensor digiti minimi 4. extensor carpi ulnaris 5. extensor indices 6. supinator 7. abductor pollicis longus 8. extensor pollicis brevis 9. Extensor pollicis longus |
| The brachioradialis does _____ at the elbow with forearm in mid-portion, but has ____ action at the wrist. | 1. flexion 2. No action at the wrist |
| This muscle originates at the proximal 2/3 of lateral supra-epicondylar ridge of humerus and inserts and the lateral surface of distal radius near styloid process | brachioradialis |
| This muscle is deep to the bachioradialis, originates at the lateral supra-epicondylar ridge of humerus and inserts at the dorsal base of 2nd metacarpal. What is this muscles action? | muscle: extensor carpi radialis longus action: extends and abducts (radial deviation) at wrist, synergist of wrist flexors, assists in extension of elbow |
| The ______ originates at the lateral condyle of humerus via the common extensor tendon and inserts at the dorsal base of ___ metacarpal. | 1. extensor carpi radialis brevis 2. Inserts: base of 3rd metacarpal |
| This muscle is innervated by the deep radial nerve on the posterior superficial forearm and extends & abducts wrist, synergist during wrist flexion | Extensor carpi radialis brevis |
| These 2 muscles of the posterior superficial forearm both extend and abduct wrist and are synergist during wrist flexion. But one does radial deviation of the wrist. Which muscle does radial deviation of the wrist? | extensor carpi radialis longus |
| This muscle in the posterior arm originates at the lateral epicondyle of the humerus and inserts at the lateral olecranon process and proximal posterior ulna. What is its actions? | Muscle: anconeus actions: adis in extension of elbow, stabilizes elbow, assists in adduction of ulna during pronation |
| Extensor digitorum orginates at the the same place of what 2 muscle? | Extensor carpi radialis brevis & extensor digit minimi |
| This muscle inserts at the extensor expansion of medial (ulnar) 4 digits and extends medial 4 digits at MCP joint, aids at PIP joint and aids in extension of the wrist | Extensor digitorum |
| This muscle inserts at the extensor expansion of 5th digit and extends the 5th digit at MCP joint and aids at IP joint | Extensor digiti minimi |
| This muscle is innervated by the deep radial nerve and extends and adducts (ulnar deviation), synergist of wrist flexors. It inserts at the dorsal base of 5th metacarpal. What is this muscles origin? | muscle: extensor carpi ulnaris origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus, posterior ulna via shared aponeurosis |
| name the 2 muscles of the posterior deep forearm | 1. extensor indices 2. supinator |
| The supinator and extensor carpi ulnaris both have origins where? | lateral epicondyle of humerus |
| This muscle of the deep posterior forearm originates on the posterior distal 1/3 of ulna on the interosseous membrane and inserts at the extensor expiation of the 2nd digit. What is this muscles actions and innervation? | muscle: extensor indices action: extends 2nd digit, aids in wrist extension innervation: deep radial nerve (c7-C8) via posterior interosseous nerve |
| The supinator originates ______ and inserts _____. It is innervated by the deep radial nerve and is the _____ of muscles in the deep posterior forearm. | 1. originates: lateral epicondyle of humerus, radial collateral & annular ligaments, supinator fossa, and crest of ulna 2. inserts: lateral posterior and anterior surfaces of proximal 1/3 of radius 3. Deepest of muscles |
| This muscle supinates the radius in the deep posterior forearm | Supinator |
| Name the muscles in the deep layer, thumb outcropping posterior forearm | 1. abductor pollicis longus 2. extensor pollicis brevis 3. extensor pollicis longus |
| what 3muscles form the border of the anatomical snuff box? | 1. extensor pollicis brevis 2. extensor pollicis longus 3. Abductor pollicis longus |
| All the muscles in the deep, thumb outcropping posterior forearm are innervated by what nerve and nerve roots? | 1. deep radial nerve (c7-C8) vis posterior interosseous nerve |
| name all the muscles innervated by the deep radial nerve | 1. extensor carpi radialis brevis 2. extensor digitorum 3. extensor digiti minimi 4. extensor carpi ulnaris 5. extensor indices 6. supinator 7. abductor pollicis longus 8. extensor pollicis brevis 9. extensor pollicis longus |
| From anatomical position name the 3 muscles that make up the anatomical snuff box from medial to lateral | Extensor pollicis longus-Extensor pollicis brevis- abductor pollicis longus |
| The ____originates on the posterior MIDDLE 1/3 of ulna and interosseous membrane, while the ____ originates on the posterior DISTAL 1/3 of radius and interosseous membrane | 1. extensor pollicis longus 2. extensor pollicis brevis |
| The ____ originates on the posterior proximal half of ulna, radius and interosseous membrane and inserts at the base of the 1st metacarpal. Its actions include: _____ of the thumb, and _____ at the carometacarpal joint | 1. abductor pollicis longus 2. abduction of the thumb 3. extension at the CMC joint |
| The extensor pollicis brevis inserts ______ and its actions include: | 1. inserts: dorsal base of proximal phalanx of thumb 2. Actions: extends proximal phalanx at MCP & CMC joints, and aids in abduction (radial deviation) of the wrist |
| The _____ inserts at the dorsal base of distal phalanx of thumb and extends distal phalanx at IP joint, and aids to extend the thumb at MVP and CMC joints. | Extensor pollicis longus |
| The extensor pollicis brevis extends the proximal phalanx of thumb at ____ & ___ joints and the extensor pollicis longus extends the distal phalanx of thumb at ____ joint. | 1. MCP & CMC joints 2. IP joint |
| What muscle of the anterior compartment flexes and adducts the forearm and does ulnar deviation? | Flexor carpi ulnaris |
| Name the muscles in the 1st layer of the anterior forearm | 1. pronator teres 2. flexor carpi radialis 3. palmaris longus 4. flexor carpi ulnaris |
| Name the muscle in the 2nd layer of the anterior forearm | 1. flexor digitorum superficialis |
| Name the muscle in the 3rd layer of the anterior forearm | 1. flexor digitorum profundus 2. flexor pollicis longus 3. pronator quadratus |
| The pronator teres has the ___ head that originates at the coronoid process and the ___ head that originates at the medial epicondyle of the humerus on the common flexor origin | 1. ulnar head 2. humeral head |
| Both heads of the pronator teres insert _____ and its actions include ____ and ___ of forearm at elbow | 1. insert: lateral surface of radius 2. pronates 3. flexes |
| Name the muscles that are innervated by the median nerve | 1. flexor carpi radialis 2. palmaris longus 3.. pronator teres 4. Flexor digitorum superficialis 5. lateral (radial) part of flexor digitorum profundus 6. Flexor pollicis longus 7. Pronator quadratus |
| What is the inconsistent muscle of the 1st layer of the anterior forearm- what makes it inconsistent | palmaris longus- tendon frequently is harvest for surgical repair of elbow, shoulder and wrist |
| name the muscles of the anterior forearm that originate at the medial condyle of the humerus | 1. flexor carpi radialis 2. palmaris longus |
| Name the muscles of the anterior forearm that originate at the medial epicondyle of the humerus | 1. humeral head of flexor carpi ulnaris 2. humeral-ulnar head of flexor digitorum superficialis |
| The humeral- ulnar head of the flexor digitorum superficialis originates at the medial epicondyle of the humerus and ____ process. | 1. coronoid process |
| The radial head of the flexor digitorum superficialis originates on the _____ below the ____ _____ | 1. originates on the radius 2. below the radial tuberosity |
| Both heads of the flexor digitorum superficialis insert _____ and both include the actions of _____ | 1 insert: sides of shafts of middle phalanges of medial 4 digits 2. flexes at PIP joint and more strongly flexes at MCP joint |
| The only muscle in the superficial (1st layer) of the anterior arm that is innervated by the ulnar nerve (c7, sometimes C8) is ____ | Flexor carpi ulnaris |
| The ulnar head of the flexor carpi ulnaris originates at the _____ and posterior border of _____ | 1. olecranon 2. posterior border of ULNA |
| Both heads of the flexor carpi ulnaris insert at these 2 carpals: _____ & _____ and this metacarpal _____ | carpals: 1. pisiform 2. hook of hamate metacarpal 3. 5th |
| The flexor carpi ulnaris does what deviation at the wrist | ulnar deviation (flexes and adducts) |
| The ____ of the superficial layer of anterior forearm inserts at the base of the 2nd metacarpal and does radial deviation of the wrist | flexor carpi radialis |
| The inconsistent muscle of the superficial anterior forearm inserts at the distal flexor retinaculum and palmar aponeurosis. It ___ the wrist and _____ palmer aponeurosis | muscle : palmaris longus 1. flexes wrist 2. tenses palmer aponeurosis |
| Describe the origins of the 3 deep anterior forearm muscles to the ulna | 1. flexor digitorum profundus - proximal 3/4 of medial and anterior surfaces of ulna and interosseous membrane 2. flexor pollicis longus - anterior surface of radius and interosseous membrane 3. pronator quadratus - distal 1/4 of anterior ulna |
| The medial (ulnar) part of the flexor digitorum profundus inserts at the bases of distal ____ and ___ digit phalanges. The lateral (radial) part of flexor digitorum profundus inserts at the bases of distal ___ and ___ digit phalanges | 1. ulnar (4 & 5) 2. Radial (2 & 3) |
| This muscle of the deep anterior forearm flexes at DIP joint | flexor digitorum profundus |
| The ulnar part of flexor digitorum profundus is innervated by what nerve | ulnar nerve |
| The flexor pollicis longus inserts at the base of distal phalanx of _____. This muscles action is to : ____ | 1. distal phalanx of thumb 2. flexes phalanges of digit 1 |
| The tendon of this muscle is deep and lateral traveling through the carpal tunnel | flexor pollicis longus |
| The interosseous artery and nerve travel deep to this muscle | pronator quadratus |
| The pronator quadratus is a part of what layer of the anterior forearm | 3rd/deep layer |
| The pronator quadratus inserts at the distal 1/4 of anterior radius. What is this muscles origin? | origin: distal 1/4 of anterior ulna |
| This muscle pronates the forearm and its deep fiber bind to the radius and ulna | pronator quadratus |
| between the 2 heads of pronator teres what nerve passes? | median nerve |
| What muscle in the anterior forearm start superficial and runs deep | pronator teres |
| You flex a patients elbow and pronate their wrist to shorten this muscle. From here you extend their elbow and supinate the forearm. What muscle are you working on? | pronator teres |
| You find the radial head and move just distally and press deep through the extensor muscles. You pronate and supinate the forearm. What muscle are you palpating? | supinator |
| Name the muscles that pass through the carpal tunnel | 1. flexor digitorum superficalis 2. flexor digitorum profundus (2 ulnar heads) 3. flexor policis longus 4. pronator quadratus |
| PIP is what joint | proximal interphalangeal joint |
| The deepest muscle that passes through the carpal tunnel and is on the anterior surface of the interosseous membrane is ___ | pronator quadratus |
| Pectoralis major is innervated by the ____ and ___ pectoral nerves | 1. lateral 2. medial |
| deep to the pectoralis major is the ____ | pectoralis minor |
| name the nerve roots that make up the musculocutaneous nerve | C5-C7 |
| name the nerve roots that make up the axillary nerve | C5-C6 |
| The musculocutaenous nerve innervates what compartment | the anterior arm |
| name the muscles innervated by the ulnar nerve | 1. flexor carpi ulnaris 2. medial (ulnar) part of flexor digitorum profundus |
| the nerve roots that make up the ulnar nerve are | C8, T1 |
| Name the muscles innervated by the axillary nerve | 1. teres minor 2. deltoid 3. Long head of triceps brachii |
| the nerve roots that make up the median nerve are | C5-8, T1 |
| the nerve roots that make up the radial nerve are | C5-8, T1 |
| Name the radials group of the posterior forearm | 1. brachioradialis 2. extensor carpi radialis longus 3. extensor carpi radialis brevis |
| name the extensor group of the posterior forearm | 1. extensor digitorum 2. extensor digiti minimi 3. extensor capri ulnaris |
| name the pollicis group of the posterior forearm | 1. abductor pollicis longus 2. extensor pollicis brevis 3. extensor pollicis longus |
| name the deep group of the posterior forearm | 1. anconeus 2. supinator 3. extensor indicis |
| The posterior cord gives rise to what 2 nerves | 1. radial (c5-8, T1) 2. axillary (C5-6) |
| The axillary nerves goes through the _____ space with the ____ ____ ____ | 1. quadrangular space 2. posterior humeral circumflex |
| The radial nerve meets up with what artery? | profunda brachii |
| The radial nerve wraps around the humerus where it remerges between the ____ and the ____ | 1. brachialis 2. brachioradialis |
| The radial nerve splits into what 2 other nerves | 1. superficial radial nerve 2. deep radial nerve |
| what nerve travels just underneath the brachioradialis and then innervates the skin on most of the posterior hand | superficial radial nerve |
| what nerve goes deep to the supinator muscle | deep radial nerve |
| what plexus has a lot of anatomical variation? | brachial plexus |
| the thoracoacrominal trunk has how many branches? | 4 |
| The lateral thoracic artery meets up with what nerve? | long thoracic nerve |
| the subscapular artery gives off the ____ ____ artery that passes through the triangular space | circumflex scapular artery |
| The subscapular artery continues on after it branches off as the ______ artery | thoracodorsal |
| At the end of the axillary artery it gives of 2 branches. what are these 2 branches | 1. posterior humeral circumflex 2. anterior humeral circumflex |
| The first branch off of the brachial artery is the ____ ____ artery | profunda brachii artery |
| The profunda brachii artery wraps around the humerus and meets up with what nerve? | radial nerve |
| the brachial and axillary artery run with what nerve? | median nerve |
| The brachial artery branches off and gives what 2 other arteries? | 1. radial artery 2. ulnar artery |
| what is the small branch that comes off of the ulnar artery | common interosseous artery |
| the common interosseous artery gives rise the _____ ____ artery, which runs deep to pronator quadratus and the ____ ____ artery which pierces through the interosseous membrane and runs on the posterior aspect of the IOM | 1. anterior interosseous artery 2. posterior interosseous artery |
| The median nerve goes down the _____ eminence of the hand and | thenar |
| where the common interosseous artery branches off the median nerve also gives off the _____ ____ nerve | anterior interosseous nerve |
| the anterior interosseous nerve travels with what artery? | anterior interosseous artery |
| the median nerve arrises from what 2 cord? | medial and lateral cords |
| the lateral cord gives off what 2 nerves? | 1. median nerve 2. musculocutaneous nerve |
| the musculocutaneous nerve innervates the ___ skin of the forearm | lateral |
| the median cord gives off what nerve and contribution to what other nerve? | 1. ulnar nerve 2. contribution to median nerve |
| the ulnar nerve often lies between the _____ head of the triceps | medial |
| posterior to the axillary artery is the ___ cord | posterior cord |
| the posterior cord gives off what 2 nerves? | 1. axillary nerve 2. radial nerve |
| the radial nerve meets up with what artery? | profunda brachii artery |
| the deep radial nerve gives off what other nerve? | posterior interosseous nerve |
| the anterior and posterior interosseous arteries develops from what artery? | ulnar artery via the common interosseous artery |
| The subscapular artery branches off the ___ part of the axillary artery | 3rd part |
| nerves that arise from the lateral and medial cords go on to innervate which compartments of the arm and forearm | anterior |
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