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SP7
GCSE Separate Science Physics
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Which astronomer proposed the geocentric model? | Ptoloemy |
| What is the geocentric model? | The earth was the centre of everything with the planets and the sun orbiting |
| What heliocentric model? | The sun is at the centre of the solar system. |
| What invention allowed scientists to see objects in space in more detail and discover new objects? | Telescope |
| What did Galileo observed that supported the heliocentric model of the solar system? | He discovered 4 moons orbiting Jupiter. |
| How did Galileos observation support the Copernicius model? | It showed that not everything orbited the Earth. |
| How many planets are there in the solar system? | 8 planets and 5 dwarf planets. |
| What other bodies are in the solar system? | Comets and asteroids |
| What invention allowed astronomers to see more detail than by making drawings? | Photography |
| Why are telescopes that orbit the earth useful? | Clearer images as less dust and clouds, some detect parts of the electromagnetic spectrum that are absorbed by the earth’s atmosphere. |
| What is weight? | It is the force of gravity acting on an object |
| What does weight depend upon? | Mass and gravitational field strength |
| What of the gravitational field strength at the surface of a body depend upon? | The mass and radius of the body |
| What type of orbit do most objects in the solar system have? | Elliptical |
| What are artificial satellites used for? | Communication and to observe the earth and space. |
| What type of orbit do broadcasting satellites orbit in? | Geostationary orbits |
| Which type of orbit need the lowest amount of fuel for launching satellites? | Low Earth orbits |
| Why are polar orbits useful? | They eventually pass over all parts of the earth. |
| If a satellite needs to move to a higher orbit does it boosters need to fire to speed it up or slow it down? | Speed it up. |
| What is a geostationary orbit? | It takes 24 hours to orbit the earth; it is above the Equator and rotates in the same direction as the Earth spins. |
| What is a cloud of dust called in space?(1) | nebula |
| What is a stable star using hydrogen in fusion reactions? (1) | Main sequence star |
| What is a star that has used up most of its hydrogen and expanded greatly? (1) | Red giant |
| What is a hot cloud of gas, not quite hot enough for nuclear reactions? (1) | protostar |
| What is a small, cooling star in which fusion reactions have finished? (1) | White dwarf |
| What force pulls the nebula together? (1) | gravity |
| What kind of reactions occur to produce energy inside a star? (1) | fusion |
| In a stable star what are the forces X and Y? (2) | X gravity, Y gas pressure |
| What are the stages that a star like our sun goes through? (1) order must be correct | Nebula Protostar Main sequence Red giant White dwarf |
| What are the stages that a star that is much more massive that our sun goes through?(1) order must be correct | Nebula Protostar Main sequence Super red giant Supernova Neutron start or black hole |
| What does the big bang theory state? | The whole universe and all the matter in it started out as a tiny point of tiny energy? |
| When does the Big Bang theory suggest the universe began? | About 13.5 billion years ago. |
| What is the universe doing according to the Big Bang? | It has been expanding and gravity has caused matter to clump together to form stars. |
| What does the steady state theory suggest? | The universe has always existed and matter is continuously created within the universe as it expands. |
| What did 2 radio astronomers find in 1964? | They found cosmic microwaves background radiation |
| Where does CMB arise from? | Huge amounts of radiation was released at the beginning of the universe. |
| Why is the radiation in the microwave range now? | At the universe has expanded the wavelength has increased from gamma rays to microwave range. |
| What do both theories steady state and big bang have in common? | Both state the universe is expanding |
| Which theory has only red shift to support it? | Steady state |
| Which theory has both red shift and CMB to support it? | Big Bang |
Created by:
Davenant Foundation School
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