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CP12H
GCSE Combined Science Physics
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What does the kinetic theory state? | Every thing is made of tiny particles. |
| What are the 3 states of matter of water? | ice, water and water vapour |
| Describe how particles move in a solid? | They vibrate in fixed bonds. |
| What is the change of state when a gas turns into a liquid? | Condensing |
| What is sublimation ? | Solid turns straight into a gas without becoming a liquid. |
| Why is mass conserved during a change of state? | Number of particals stays the same. |
| What is the equation for density? | Density = Mass/Volume |
| A 200kg block of aluminium has a volume of 0.074 m3. What is its density? | Density = Mass/Volume = 200Kg/0.074m3 = 2700Kg/m3 |
| The density of copper is 8960kg/m3 , what volume would a 2000kg mass occupy? | Volume = mass/density =2000kg/8960kg/m3 =0.223 m3 |
| What is the density of water in g/cm3 and kg/m3? | 1g/cm3 and 1000kg/m3 |
| How is energy stored as thermal energy? | It is stored by the movement of particles that make up the substance |
| What happens to the particles as a solid substance stores more thermal energy? | Its particles will vibrate more in the bonds |
| Do two different objects have to be at the same temperature to store the same amount of energy? | No, the temperature is related to the average Kinetic energy of the particles, some objects may have more particles so have a greater store of energy for the same temperature. |
| What happens to liquids and gases as they store more thermal energy? | The speedsof the particals increase. |
| How do we stop an object transferring its energy to the surroundings? | We insulate it. |
| What are the 3 factors that affect the thermal stored energy in a substance? | Mass, temperature and the material it is made from |
| What is the specific heat capacity of a material ? | This is the amount of energy it takes to increase the temperature of 1 kilogram of the substance by 1OC |
| What is the change of state called when a liquid turns into a gas? | Evaporation |
| What is the specific latent heat? | The amount of heat that it takes to change the state of 1 kilogram of material |
| What is the change of state when a liquid turns into a solid? | Freezing |
| What happens to the temperature of a substance during a change of state? | It does not change. |
| The amount of energy it takes to make 1kg of substance to change state is called? | Specific latent heat |
| What is happening to the heat energy added to the substance during melting and evaporation? | It is being used to break bonds. |
| What happens the speed of atoms or molecules in substance when its temperature decreases? | They move slower. |
| When a substance freezes, it has energy being removed from it. Why doesn’t its temperature change during freezing? | The energy being removed is released from making bonds rather than making the atoms move slower. |
| What is the equation in words for calculating how much energy is needed to raise the temperature of a substance? | Change in thermal energy = mass x specific heat capacity x temperature rise. |
| What is no.7 equation in symbols? | ∆Q = m x c x ∆θ |
| What is the equation in words for calculating how much energy is need to change the state of a substance? | Thermal energy needed to change state = mass x specific latent heat. |
| What is the equation in no.9 in symbols? | ∆Q = m x L |
| .Describe the movement of particles in a gas? | The gas particles are far apart and move round quickly |
| What is the temperature of a gas a measure of? | The average kinetic energy of the particles in the gas. |
| What is the pressure of a gas due to? | It is caused the forces on the walls of the container caused by the moving particles hitting the walls. |
| . What happens to the pressure of a gas on the walls of a container if the gas is heated? | The pressure increases. |
| . When a gas is heated what happens to the speed of the particles? | The speed increases. |
| When the speed of the particles increase, how does this affect the force with which they hit the walls of the container? | The force increases. |
| When the speed of the particles increases how does this affect the frequency at which they collide with the walls of the container? | The frequency increases. |
| What is absolute zero? | The temperature at which the pressure of a gas would be zero. |
| What is absolute zero in Celsius ? | -273oC |
| How do you convert from Celsius to Kelvin? | Add 273 |
| State the equation which links density, mass and volume | ρ=m/v |
| Name the change of state when a liquid becomes a solid | freezing |
| Name the change of state when a solid becomes a liquid | melting |
| Name the change of state when a liquid becomes a gas | evaporation |
| Name the change of state when a gas becomes a liquid | condensation |
| Name the change of state when a solid becomes a gas (without passing through liquid form) | sublimation |
| Changes of state are caused by the amount of _________ a substance has | energy |
| State changes are examples of ___________ change | physical |
| Physical changes are ones which can be _____________ | reversed |
| A change which creates new products and cannot be reversed is _________ change | chemical |
| The energy stored inside a system by the particles which make it up is known as ____________ energy | internal |
| What is internal energy? | The total kinetic energy and potential energy of all the particles in a system |
| Energy stored within moving objects is __________ | kinetic |
| Energy stored in particles because of their position is…? | potential energy |
| Particles wich are further apart have _________ potential energy | more |
| The energy needed to raise the temperature 1 kg of a material by 1ᵒC is the __________ | specific heat capacity |
| The average kinetic energy of particles is known as the ___________ | temperature |
| The amount of energy required to change the state of one kilogram of a substance with no change in temperature is the …? | specific latent heat |
| How much mass a substance contains compared to it's volume is… | density |
| Latent heat of fusion is for changing…? | solid to liquid |
| Latent heat of vaporisation is for changing….? | liquid to vapour (gas) |
| Increasing temperature ______________ pressure in a gas if volume is constant | increases |
| The force exerted by gas on a surface as the particles collide with it is known as….? | gas pressure |
| State the units of density | kg/m3 |
| State the units of volume | m3 |
| Why doesn't temperature increase during melting? | Energy is being used to weaken forces between particles |
| Why doesn't temperature increase during evaporation | Energy is being used to weaken forces between particles |
| Why does temperature of a substance increase as it is heated? | Particles gain more kinetic energy and temperature is a measure of kinetic energy |
| Particles are arranged regularly in a ….? | solid |
| Particles are arranged randomly, but touching in a …? | liquid |
| Particles move around randomly in a ….? | gas |
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Davenant Foundation School
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