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Insight/judgement
Psychiatric terms
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Insight | Conscious recognition of one’s condition. In psychiatry, it refers to the conscious awareness and understanding of ones psychodynamics and symptoms and maladaptive behavior; highly important in effecting changes in the personality and behavior of a person |
| Emotional insight | A level of understanding or awareness of the emotions underlying symptoms or problems. It facilitates positive changes in personality and behavior when present |
| Intellectual insight | Knowledge of the reality of a situation without the ability to use that knowledge successfully to effect an adaptive change in behavior or to master the situation |
| Impaired insight | Diminished ability to understand the objective reality of a situation |
| True insight | Understanding of the objective reality of a situation coupled with the motivational and emotional impetus to master the situation or change in behavior |
| Judgment | Mental act of comparing or evaluating choices within the framework of a given set of values for the purpose of electing a course of action. |
| Judgement pt 2 | If the course of action chosen is in consonant with reality or with mature adult standards of behavior, judgement is intact or normal, |
| Judgement pt 3 | judgement is said to be impaired if the chosen COA is frankly maladaptive results from impulsive decisions based on the need for immediate gratification or is otherwise not consistent with reality as measured by mature adult standards |
| Impaired judgment | Diminished ability to understand a situation correctly and act appropriately |
| Blocking | Abrupt interruption in train of thinking before a thought or idea is finished; after a brief pause, the person indicates no recall of what was being said or was going to be said (also known as thought deprivation) Common in schizo & anxiety |
| Circumstantiality | Disturbance in the associative thought and speech processes in which a patient digresses into unnecessary details and inappropriate thoughts before communicating the central idea. Observed in schizophrenia, obsessional disturbances, & dementia |
| Clang association | Associations or speech directed by the sound of a word rather than by its meaning; words have no logical connection; punning and rhyming may dominate the verbal behavior. Seen most frequently in schizophrenia or mania |
| Derailment | Gradual or sudden deviation in train of thought without blocking; sometimes used synonymously with loosening of association |
| Echolalia | Psychopathological repeating of words or phrases of one person to another; tends to be repetitive and persistent. Seen in certain kinds of schizophrenia, particularly the catatonic types |
| Flight of ideas | Rapid succession of fragmentary thoughts or speech in which content changes abruptly and speech may be incoherent. Seen in mania |
| Incoherence | Communication that is disconnected, disorganized, or incomprehensible |
| Irrelevant answer | Answer that is not responsive to the question |
| Loosening of associations | Characteristic schizophrenic thinking or speech disturbance involving a disorder in the logical progression of thoughts, manifested as a failure adequately to communicate verbally; unrelated and unconnected ideas shift from one subject to another |
| Neologism | New word or phrase whose derivation cannot be understood; often seen in schizophrenia. It has also been used to mean a word that has been incorrectly constructed but whose origins are nonetheless understandable (e.g., headshoe to men hat) |
| Perseveration | Pathological repetition of the same response to a different stimuli, as in a repetition of the same verbal response to different questions. (2) Persistent repetition of specific words or concepts in the process of speaking. Seen in cog disorders, schizo. |
| Tangentiality | Oblique, digressive, or even irrelevant manner of speech in which the central idea is not communicated |
| Word Salad | Incoherent, essentially incomprehensible mixture of words and phrases commonly seen in far-advanced cases of schizophrenia |
Created by:
OT2022