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COSC
Intro to computer science
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Application software | end user software |
basic application | kinds of programs you have to know to be considered computer competent |
communication device | computer systems that communicate with other computer systems using modems. |
computer competency | acquiring computer-related skills |
information system | 5 parts: people, procedures, software, hardware and data |
people | what microcomputers are all about-making people more productive |
end users | people |
procedures | the rules or guidelines for people to follow when using software, hardware, and data |
software | a program to convert data into information |
program | step-by-step instructions that tell the computer how to do its work |
data | unprocessed facts |
information | processed facts |
hardware | the equipment that processes the data to create information: keyboard, mouse, monitor, system unit, other devices |
connectivity | allows computers to connect and to share information |
information technology | computer and communication technologies, such as communication links to the internet, that provide information essential to running an organization |
system software | enables the application software to interact with the computer hardware |
operating systems | programs that coordinate computer resources, provide an interface between users and the computer, and run applications |
utilities | perform specific tasks related to managing computer resources |
device drivers | specialized programs designed to allow particular input or output devices to communicate with the rest of the computer system |
specialized applications | programs that are narrowly focused on specific disciplines and occupations |
supercomputers | most powerful type of computer. specialized and high-capacity |
mainframe computers | capable of great processing speeds and data storage |
minicomputers | used by medium-sized companies |
microcomputers | least powerful, most widely used and fastest growing, desktop, notebook, tablet PC and handheld |
Desktop computers | fit on desk, too big to carry around |
notebook computers | laptops, portable, lightweight |
tablet pc | type of notebook that accepts handwriting |
handheld computers | smallest and are designed to fit into the palm of one hand |
palm computers | combine pen input, writing recognition, personal organizational tools, and communications capabilities |
Personal digital assistants (PDAs) | most widely used handheld computer |
system unit | a container that houses most of the electronic components that make up a computer system |
microprocessor | controls and manipulates data to produce information |
memory/primary storage/Random Access Memory (RAM) | holds data and program instructions for processing the data |
input devices | translate data and programs that humans can understand into a form that the computer can process: keyboard & mouse |
output devices | translate the processed information from the computer into a form that humans can understand: monitors & printers |
secondary storage | holds data and programs even after turned off: floppy, USB, hard disks, optical discs |