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10 Application of ICT in our daily lives
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The year the word "computer" was recorded
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History of Computer
Chapter Two
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| 10 Application of ICT in our daily lives | 1. Business 2.Education 3. Healthcare 4. Retail and Trade 5. Government 6. Marketing 7. Science 8. Publishing 9.Arts and Entertainment 10. Communication |
| The year the word "computer" was recorded | 1613 |
| Ancient memory aid device to record and document numbers, quantities, or even messages. | Tally Sticks |
| It is invented in Babylonia in 2400 B.C It is used to perform basic arithmetic operations. | Abacus |
| Invented by John Napier in 1614 Allowed the operator to multiply, divide and calculate square and cube roots by moving the rods around and placing them in specially constructed boards. | Napier's Bones |
| Invented by William Oughtred in 1622 Based on Napier's ideas about algorithm Used primarily for- multiplication, division, roots, logarithms and trigonometry. Not normally used for addition and subtraction | Slide Rule |
| Invented by Blaise Pascal in 1642 It was its limitation to addition and addition and subtraction Too expensive | Pascaline |
| Invented by Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz in 1672 The machine that can add, subtract, multiply and divide automatically. | Stepped Reckoner |
| Mechanical Loom, invented by Joseph Marie- Jacquard on 1881. It is an automatic loom controlled by punch cards. | Jacquard Loom |
| A mechanical calculator invented by Thomas de Colmar in 1820 Could perform the four basic mathematic functions. First mass- produced calculating machine | Arithmometer |
| It is an automatic, mechanical calculator designed to tabulate polynomial functions. Invented by Charles Babbage in 1822 and 1834 It is the first mechanical computer | Difference Engine and Analytical Engine |
| First Computer Programmer She writes programs for the Analytical Engine | Augusta Ada Byron |
| Invented by Per Georg Scheutz in 1843 Based on Charles Babbage's difference engine. First printing calculator | Scheutzian Calculation Engine |
| Invented by Herman Hollerith in 1890 To assist in summarizing information and accounting | Tabulating machine |
| First electro- mechanical computer. Invented by Howard H. Aiken in 1943 Also known as IBM Automatic Sequence Controlled Calculator (ASCC) | Harvard Mark 1 |
| The first programmable computer Created by Konrad Zuse in Germany from 1936 to 1938 To program the Z1 required that the user insert punch tapoe reader and all output was also generated through punch tape | Z1 |
| It was the first electronic digital computing device Invented by Professor John Atanasoff and graduate student Clifford Berry at Iowa | Atanasoff- Berry Computer (ABC) |
| Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer It was the first electronic general- purpose computer Completed in 1946 Developed by John Presper Eckert and John Mauchly | EINAC |
| UNIVersal Automatic Computer 1 was the first commercial computer Designed by John Presper Eckert and John Mauchly | UNIVAC 1 |
| Electronic Discrete Variable Automatic Computer The first stored program computer Designed by Von Neumann in 1952 It has a memory to hold both stored program as well as data | EDVAC |
| First Portable Computer | Osborne 1 |
| The first computer company | Electronic Controls Company |
| It is the earliest age of information technology. It can be defiined as the time between 3000 BC. and 1450 AD | Premechanical |
| Between 1450 and 1840. Technologies like the slide rule (an analog computer used for multiplying and dividing) were invented. Blaise Pascal invented the Pascaline which was a very popular mechanical computer. | Mechanical |
| Between 1840- 1940. The beginning of telecommunication age. The telegraph was invented by Samuel Morse in 1835. The first large scale automatic digital computer in the United Stated was the Mark 1 | Electromechanical |
| The electronic age is what we currently live in. It can be defined as the time between the 1940 and right now. The EINAC was the first high- speed, digital computer capable of being reprogrammed to solve full range of computing problems | Electronic |
| First generation of computer | 1946-1958 |
| Second generation of computer | 1959-1964 |
| Third generation of computer | 1965-1970 |
| Fourth generation of computer | 1971- Today |
| Fifth Generation | Today to Future |
| The first generation computers used (blank) for circuitry and magnetic drums for memory, and were often enormous taking up entire rooms. | vacuum tubes |
| The second generation computer, (blank) replaced vacuum tubes and ushered the second generation of computers. | transistors |
| The third generation development of the (blank) was the hallmark of the third generation of computers. | integrated circuit |
| The fourth generation (blank ), as thousands of integrated circuits were built onto a single silicon chip. As these small small computers become more powerful, they could be linked together to form networks. | microprocessor |
| The fifth generation is still in development. (BLANK). The use of parallel processing and superconductors is helping to make artificial intelligence a reality. | artificial intelligence |
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micahmae