Looks like an upturned parasol (umbrella). Usually constructed from concrete.

Are limitless in design. Most common shape is a hyperbolic paraboloid.

May include planar, curved, and warped surfaces. Can be produced in any shape that can be achieved by stretching fabric over a support frame.

Most basic of roof framing elements. Are perpendicular to the top wall plate

The vertical distance measured from the top of the wall plate to the underside of the rafters.

Is one-half the distance of the clear span.

The horizontal distance from the inside of one exterior stud wall to the inside of the opposite exterior stud wall.

The slant of the roof and may be given on a drawing by showing a slope ratio diagram or a fractional pitch indication.

The overhang of the roof at the eave line that forms a connection between the roof and side walls.

May be used with exposed-beam construction, contemporary, or rustic designs. Rafter ends are exposed and usually tapered or curved to prevent a bulky appearance.

Has the space between the end of a projecting rafter and the wall enclosed with a soffit board.

A box cornice usually between 6" and 12" wide.

Wide Box Cornice with Lookouts

Normally requires additional support members called lookouts for fastening the soffit.

Wide Box Cornice without Lookouts

Has a sloped soffit. The soffit material is nailed to the underside of the rafters.

One in which the rafter does not project beyond the wall. The roof is terminated by a frieze board and molding.

The extension of a gable roof beyond the end wall of the house.

An assembly of members that form a rigid framework of triangular shapes. This permits wide, unsupported spans using minimal material.

Frequently used to fasten the members of a wood truss together. They are made from 3/8" or 1/2" plywood.

Is used to shed water away from areas of potential leakage. It should be used where the roof comes into contact with a wood or masonry wall, chimney, or roof valley.

Collect the water from the roof and direct it to an outlet.

A vertical pipe that receives water from the gutter outlet. An extension at the bottom directs water away from the house.

Is placed over the rafters to support the roofing material. It may be planks, individual boards, plywood, or other approved panel product.

The part of a gable roof that goes past the end of the house. The amount of overhang and treatment should be about the same as the cornice.

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Chapter 19

Roof Designs

Term	Definition
Parasol Roof	Looks like an upturned parasol (umbrella). Usually constructed from concrete.
Warped Roofs	Are limitless in design. Most common shape is a hyperbolic paraboloid.
Free-Form Roof	May include planar, curved, and warped surfaces. Can be produced in any shape that can be achieved by stretching fabric over a support frame.
Rafter	Most basic of roof framing elements. Are perpendicular to the top wall plate
Rise	The vertical distance measured from the top of the wall plate to the underside of the rafters.
Run	Is one-half the distance of the clear span.
Clear Span	The horizontal distance from the inside of one exterior stud wall to the inside of the opposite exterior stud wall.
Roof Slope	The slant of the roof and may be given on a drawing by showing a slope ratio diagram or a fractional pitch indication.
Cornice	The overhang of the roof at the eave line that forms a connection between the roof and side walls.
Open Cornice	May be used with exposed-beam construction, contemporary, or rustic designs. Rafter ends are exposed and usually tapered or curved to prevent a bulky appearance.
Box Cornice	Has the space between the end of a projecting rafter and the wall enclosed with a soffit board.
Narrow Box Cornice	A box cornice usually between 6" and 12" wide.
Wide Box Cornice with Lookouts	Normally requires additional support members called lookouts for fastening the soffit.
Wide Box Cornice without Lookouts	Has a sloped soffit. The soffit material is nailed to the underside of the rafters.
Close Cornice	One in which the rafter does not project beyond the wall. The roof is terminated by a frieze board and molding.
Rake End	The extension of a gable roof beyond the end wall of the house.
Roof Truss	An assembly of members that form a rigid framework of triangular shapes. This permits wide, unsupported spans using minimal material.
Gussets	Frequently used to fasten the members of a wood truss together. They are made from 3/8" or 1/2" plywood.
Flashing	Is used to shed water away from areas of potential leakage. It should be used where the roof comes into contact with a wood or masonry wall, chimney, or roof valley.
Gutters	Collect the water from the roof and direct it to an outlet.
Downspout	A vertical pipe that receives water from the gutter outlet. An extension at the bottom directs water away from the house.
Roof Sheathing	Is placed over the rafters to support the roofing material. It may be planks, individual boards, plywood, or other approved panel product.
Gable End	The part of a gable roof that goes past the end of the house. The amount of overhang and treatment should be about the same as the cornice.

Created by: ALookenbill

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