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FF1 Module 2
Fire Fighter 1 Module 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Respiratory Hazards | Exposure to conditions that create a hazard to the respiratory system, including products of combustion, toxic gases, and superheated or oxygen deficient atmospheres |
| common respiratory hazards | o2 deficiency, elevated temperatures, particulate contaminants, gases and vapors, airborne pathogens |
| oxygen deficient atmosphere | atmosphere containing less than the normal 19.5% O2. At least 16 percent O2 is needed to produce flames or sustain human life. |
| Hypoxia | potentially fatal condition caused by lack of oxygen |
| most common cause of oxygen deficient atmospheresc | combustion |
| pulmonary edema | accumulation of fluids in the lungs (can occur when inhaling superheated gases) |
| asphyxiation | fatal condition caused by severe oxygen deficiency and an excess of carbon monoxide and/ or other gases in the blood |
| particulate | very small particle of solid material such as dust that is suspended in the atmosphere |
| (APR) Air Purifying Respirator | Respirator that removes contaminants by passing ambient air through a filter, cartridge, or canister; may have a full or partial facepiece |
| (PAPR) | Powered Air-Purifying Respirator motorized respirator that uses a filter to clean surrounding air, then delivers it to the wearer to breathe; typically includes a headpiece, breathing tube, and a blower/battery box that is worn on the belt |
| Gas | Compressible substance with np specific volume, taht tends to assume the shape of the container. Molecules move about most rapidly in this state. |
| Fire gases and vapors | Harmful gases and vapors created by combustion CO, CO2, Hydrogen cyanide, hydrogen chloride, hydrogen sulfide, nitrous gases, phosgene, sulfur dioxide, ammonia, formaldehyde |
| What fire gases and vapors are responsible for the majority of fire related deaths? | Carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen cyanide (HCN) |
| Where does Hydrogen Cyanide at a fire scene come from? | produced by incomplete combustion of substances containing nitrogen and carbon (natural fibers, resins, synthetic polymers, synthetic rubber) |
| Hazardous nonfire gases and vapors | CO2, ammonia, sulfur dioxide, chlorine, pesticides, |
| Airborne pathogens | disease causing microorganisms (viruses, bacteria, or fungi,) that are suspended in the air |
| (HEPA) High Efficiency Particulate Air Filters | A respiratory filter that is certified to remove at least 99.97 percent of monodisperse [aticles of 0.3 micrometers in diameter. provide protection against airborne pathogens |
| 2 categories of respiratory protection equipmentSC | ASR- Air supplying respirators (we use this in fire service) APR- Air purifying respirators |
| 2 types of ASR (Air supplying respirator) | SCBA (carry air in cylinder) SAR - supplied air respirator (connected to breathing air compressor or portable air supply) |
| When do we use an (SAR) Supplied Air Respirator? | When the firefighter must be in the hazardous area for a long period of time and there is NO danger that fire may damage the air hose. |
| What are the two types of SCBAs? | Open Circuit Self Controlled Breathing Apparatus Closed Circuit Self Controlled Breathing Apparatus |
| What is an open circuit SCBA? | SCBA that allows exhaled air to be discharged or vented into the atmosphere (Use compressed air) |
| What is a closed circuit SCBA? | SCBA that recycles exhaled air, removes carbon dioxide and restores compressed, chemical, or liquid oxygen. Not approved for fire fighting aka OBA- Oxygen Breathing apparatus |
| What are the 4 parts of an open circuit SCBA? | 1. Backplate and harness assembly 2. Air Cylinder assembly 3. Regulator assembly 4. Facepiece assembly |
| QLFT- Qualitative Fit TEst | Respirator fit test that measures the wearer's response to a test agent such as irritant smoke or odorous vapor, If the wearer detects the test agent the fit is inadequate |
| QNFT- Quantitative Fit Test | Respiratory fit test in which instruments measure the amount of a test agent that has leaked into the respirator from the ambient atmosphere. If the leakage measures above a pre-set amount the respirator fit is inadequate |
| ESTI -End of Service Time Indicator | alarm warns the user that the system is reaching end of air supply, NFPA and NIOSH require 2 ESTIs on air packs. |
| RIC UAC (Rapid Intervention Crew Universal Air Coupling) | found within 4 inches of the cylinder outlet. Allows any cylinder low on air to be transfilled from another cylinder |
| 3 categories of particulate filters | N- Not resistant to oil R-Resistant to oil P- Used when oil or non-oil lubricants are present |
| What do we protect respiratory equipment from? | Contamination temperature changes ultraviolet light |
| NFPA 1852 | standard on selection, care, and maintenance of open-circuit SCBA *recommends no less than 90 % of cylinder capacity when putting on SCBA *establishes the frequency of inspections MUST be inspected weekly. SCBA technician must inspect annually |
| NFPA 1901 | Standard for automotive fire apparatus- requires that the SCBA be held in place by a mechanical latching device |
| hydrostatic test | Testing method that uses water under pressure to check the integrity of pressure vessels |
| What is the service life of an SCBA Air Cylinder? | Steel and aluminum cylinders tested every 5 years and good forever til failure of testHoop wrapped, fiberglass, fully wrapped kevlar are tested every 3 and have a 15 year service life fully wrapped carbon fiver are tested every 5 years and have a 15 year |
| Cascade system | 3 or more large interconnected air cylinder, from which smaller SCBA cylinders are recharged, the larger cylinders typically have a capacity of 30 cubic feet |
| FBARS- Fire FIghter Breathing Air Replenishment Systems | required in buildings taller than 75 ft.provide an endless source of breathing are to any floor in structure from ground level |
| PEL- Permissable Exposure limit | Legal term for the maximum amt of a chemical substance or other hazard that an employee can be exposed to; typically expressed in ppm or mg/m3. |
| Search Line | non load bearing rope that is anchored to a safe, exterior location and attached to a firefighter during search operations to act as a safety line |
Created by:
ison10