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Physics

Module #10-16 Vocab

TermDefinition
Periodic motion Motion that repeats itself regularly.
Equilibrium position The position of an object when there ae no net forces acting on it.
Restoring force A force, directed towards the system's equilibrium position, which is applied as a result of the system's displacement from equilibrium.
Amplitude The maximum distance away from equilibrium that an object in periodic motion travels.
Simple harmonic motion Periodic motion whose period is independent of its amplitude.
Waves A disturbance that propagates in a medium.
Transverse wave A wave whose propagation is perpendicular to its oscillation.
Longitudinal wave A wave whose propagation is parallel to its oscillation.
Diffraction The spreading of waves around an obstacle.
The Law of Reflection The angle reflection equals the angle of incidence.
Virtual image An image formed as the result or extrapolating light beams.
Real image An image formed as the result of intersecting light beams.
Refraction The process by which a light bends when it encounters a new medium.
Index of refraction The ratio of the speed of light in a vacuum to its speed in another medium.
Electrostatics The study of electric charges at rest.
Conductor A substance through which charge flows easily.
Insulator A substance through which charges cannot flow.
Law of Charge Conservation The net amount of electric charge in the universe is constant.
Charging by Conduction Charging an object by allowing it to come into contact with an object that already has an electric charge.
Charging by Induction Charging an object without direct contact between the object and a charge.
Electrostatic force The force that exists between two charges at rest.
Electron volt The decrease in potential energy when an electron moves through a potential difference of exactly 1 volt.
Capacitor A device that stores charge.
Electric current The amount of charge that travels past a fixed point in an electric circuit each second.
Conventional current Current that flows from the positive side of the battery to the negative side.
Resistance The ability of a material to impede the flow of charge when it is subject to a potential difference.
Open circuit A circuit that does not have a complete connection between the two sides of the battery. As a result, current does not flow
Diamagnetic substance A substance that is made up of atoms with no net magnetic field.
Paramagnetic substance A substance whose magnetic atoms are arranged so that their individual magnetic fields cancel out. Under the influence of an external magnetic field, however, these substances produce a magnetic field that is in the same direction of the external Magneti
Ferromagnetic substance A substance whose magnetic atoms are aligned so that their magnetic fields add to one another.
Right-hand rule The direction of the magnetic field lines for a current-carrying wire can be determined by pointing the thumb of your right hand in the direction of the current. Your fingers will curl in the direction of the magnetic field lines.
Electromotive force The potential difference between two sides of a battery when no current flows.
Faraday’s Law of Electromagnetic Induction The electromotive force in a loop of wire is proportional to the rate of change of magnetic flux through the loop.
Alternating current Electrical current that changes direction back and forth in a circuit.
Direct current Current that always flow in the direction around a circuit
Created by: MoatGoat12
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