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Government Chapter 3
Vocab, and bill of rights
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Bicameral | An adjective describing a legislative body composed of two chambers |
| Popular Sovereignty | Basic principle of the American system of government which asserts that the people are the source of any and all governmental power, and government can exist only with the consent of the governed. |
| Limited Government | Basic principle of the American government which states that government is restricted in what it may do, and each individual has rights that the government cannot take away |
| Constitutionalism | Basic principle that government and those who govern must obey the law; the rule of law |
| Rule of Law | Concept that government and its officers are always subject to the law |
| Separation of Powers | Basic principle of the American system of government that the executive, legislative, and judicial powers are divided among three independent and coequal branches of government. |
| Checks and Balances | System of overlapping the powers of the legislative, executive, ad judicial branches to permit each branch to check the actions of the others |
| Veto | Chief executive’s powers to reject a bill passed by a legislature; literally “I forbid” |
| Judicial Review | The power of a court to determine the constitutionality of a governmental action |
| Unconstitutional | Contrary to constitutional provision and so illegal, null and void, of no force and effect |
| Federalism | A system of government in which a written constitution divides power between a central, or national, government and several regional governments |
| Bill of Rights | Collectively the first ten amendments to the constitution are known as these. They set out the great constitutional guarantees of freedom of belief and expression, of freedom and security of the person, and of fair and equal treatment before the law. |
| Amendment | A change in, or addition to, a constitution or law |
| Ratification | Formal approval, final consent to the effectiveness of a constitution, constitutional amendment, or treaty |
| Formal Amendment | Change or addition that becomes part of the written language of the Constitution itself through one of four methods set forth in the Constitution |
| Executive Agreement | A pact made by the President directly with the head of a foreign state; a binding international agreement with the force of law but which does not require Senate consent |
| Treaty | A formal agreement between two or more sovereign states |
| Electoral College | Group of persons chosen in each state and the District of Columbia every four years who make a formal selection of the President and Vice President |
| Cabinet | Presidential advisory body, traditionally made up of the heads of the executive departments and other officers |
| Senatorial Courtesy | Custom that the Senate will not approve a presidential appointment opposed by a majority-party senator from the State in which the appointee would serve |
| Division of Powers | Basic principle of federalism; the constitutional provisions by which governmental powers are divided on a geographic basis |
| Delegated Powers | Those powers, expressed, implied, or inherent, granted to the National Government by the Constitution |
| Expressed Powers | Those delegated powers of National Government by the Constitution that are spelled out, expressly, in the constitution; also called the “enumerated powers” |
| Implied Powers | Those delegated powers of National Government that are suggested by the expressed powers set out in the constitution; those “necessary and proper” to carry out the expressed powers |
| Inherent Powers | Powers the Constitution is presumed to have delegated to the National Government because it is the government of a sovereign state within the world community |
| Exclusive Powers | Those powers that can be exercised by the National Government alone |
| Reserved Powers | Those powers that the Constitution does not grant to the National Government and does not deny the States |
| Enabling Act | A congressional act directing the people of a United States territory to frame a proposed state constitution as a step towards admission to the Union |
| Extradition | The legal process by which a fugitive from justice in one state is returned that that State. |
| Interstate Compacts | Formal agreement entered into with the consent of Congress, between or among states, or between a State and a foreign state. |
| 1st Amendment* | Guarantees the freedom of religion, speech, press, assembly and the right to petition government. |
| 2nd Amendment* | Guarantees the right to bear arms. |
| 3rd Amendment* | Prohibits the quartering of soldiers in homes in peacetime. |
| 4th Amendment | *Prohibits unreasonable searches and seizures. |
| 5th Amendment* | Requires grand jury indictment for a serious crime, bans double jeopardy, no loss of life, liberty or property without due process of law. |
| 6th Amendment* | Guarantees the right to a speedy, impartial public trial in criminal cases with counsel and the right to cross examine. |
| 7th Amendment* | Guarantees the right to jury trial in civil suits involving $20.00 or more. |
| 8th Amendment* | Prohibits excessive bail or fines or cruel or unusual punishment |
| 9th Amendment* | We have many other rights than what are listed in the Bill of Rights. Our rights are not limited by the Bill of Rights. |
| 10th Amendment* | Asserts that powers not delegated to the national government or denied to the states are reserved to the states. |
| An informal process to change the Constitution | Supreme Court case Decision |
| informal custom that was eventually added to the written constitution through formal amendment | no third term for presidents |
| Congress may informally change the constitution by passing laws that | expand the brief provisions of the constitution |
| a reason that presidents use executive agreements with heads of foreign states instead of the formal treaty process | Executive agreements do not require senate approval. |
| Government in the united states is in many ways government through political party is | the result of a long history of informal constitutional change. |
| In (What Year) did the supreme court rule that all states must recognize interracial marriage. | 1967 |
| (who) assassinated Martin Luther King Jr., in June of 1968 | James Earl Ray |
| Which of the folowing principles holds that government may do only those things that the people have given it power to do? | Limited government |
| When James madison wrote, "The accumulation of all powers...in the same hands...may be pronounced as the very definition of tyranny," he was arguing on behalf of which of the following constitutional principles? | Separation of Powers |
| The principle of popular sovereignty means that the | People are the only source for governmental power |
| Which of the following constitutional principles was devised as a compromise between a powerful central government and a loose confederation of States? | Federalism |
| Which constitutional principle applies when the senate confirms or rejects the presidents appointee to run the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) | Checks and Balances |
| Who is the father of the constitution | James Madison |
| Who was the father of the declaration of independence | Thomas Jefferson |
| Current leader of Russia | Vladdamire Putin |
| Which amendments were results of the Civil War | The 13th, 14th, 15th |
| The participation of both the federal government and state governments in the amendment process is evidence of what constitutional principle? | Federalism |
| An amendment may be formally proposed only by | congress or NATIONAL Conventions |
| Which statement illustrates how difficult it is to amend the constitution. | A simple majority is not enough to satisfy constitutional requirements in either the proposal stage or the ratification stage of the amendment process. |
| Which of the following is NOT a right guaranteed by the Bill of Rights. | Womens right to vote. |
| Which method of amending the constitution has been the most commonly used? | Congress proposes, STATE legislatures ratify |
| Current Secretary of State under President Donald Trump | Michael R. Pompeo |
| What court case established Judicial Review? | Malbury V. Madison |
| By custom, Not because the constitution says so, the heads of the ___ executive departments make up the ______, an advisory body to the President. | 15, Cabinet |
| High school seniors can vote? | 26th Amendment |
| Women not aloud to vote changed | 19th amendment |
| Alcoholic beverages amendment | 21st amendment |
| government has the right to tax income | 16th amendment |
| Four term limit amendment( Franklin D. Roosevelt | 22nd amendment |
| all presidents have been inaugurated in the same month | 20th amendment |
| 3 electoral votes amendment | 23rd amendment |
| require payment of tax to vote( False) | 24th amendment |
| The right to vote is based on the color of skin | 15th amendment |
| if president. dies amendment | 25th amendment |
| one restriction the constitution pieces on the subjects with which proposed amendments may deal. | cant take away a states right to vote in senate. |
| how many resolutions calling for amendments have been sent to states | 33 |
| how man amendments have been passed and ratified | 27 |
| First 10 amendments | bill of rights |
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