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Cell division&contin
Cell division&continuity LC BIO
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Name the four stages of mitosis | prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase |
| describe three events that happen in prophase | nuclear membrane disintegrates, Chromosomes becomes visible, spindle fibres appear in Cytoplasm |
| describe three events that happen in metaphase | Spindle fibres move to the pole of the cells, chromosomes align along along equator of cells. spindle fibres become fully formed and attach to the centromeres |
| describe three events that happen in anaphase | spindle fibres retract, splitting the centromere, and pulling apart the identical chromosomes. Chromosomes are pulled back to the pole of the cell. |
| describe three events that happen in telophase | nuclear membranes form around the chromosomes at each pole. spindle fibres disappear, chromosomes begin to become chromatin again. |
| define mitosis | mitosis is nuclear division in which one nucleus splits to become two identical nuclei |
| what is the function of mitosis in unicellular organisms | reproduction, EG binary fission & budding |
| what is the function of mitosis in multicellular organisms | growth and repair |
| define meiosis | nuclear division in which one diploid nucleus splits to form four haploid nuclei. |
| what are the functions of meiosis | to introduce variance into a species and to produce gametes or haploid cells, in sexual reproduction, so that the parental chromosome number is the same after sexual reproduction |
| explain the term cancer | cancer is a group of disorders in which cells lose their ability to control the rate of Mitosis |
| explain the term diploid | two sets of chromosomes |
| what term is used to describe the long stage of the cell cycle when cell division is not occurring | Interphase |
| what is interphase in the cell cycle | the non dividing phase of the cell cycle. The cell is in this phase for 90 percent of its life cycle |
| what happens in late interphase | DNA is replicated on each chromosome producing an identical copy of itself. the copied chromosome is stuck to the original by a structure called the centromere. |
| what is the function of a chromosome | To store DNA in the nucleus |
| what are a homogulous pair of chromosomes | a pair of chromosomes that which have the same type of genes at the same location. |
| What are two possible causes of cancer | oncogenes and carcinogens |
| Where are chromosomes found in eukaryotes? | In the nucleus |
| where are chromosomes found in prokaryotes | In the cytoplasm |
| what is a chromosome | a structure composed of protein and DNA |
| what happens after mitosis in animal cells | grooves form in cytoplasm called cleavage furrows, which deepen until the cell splits into two identical cells |
| what happens after mitosis in plant cells | A cell plate forms from vesticles in the cell. A middle lamella forms in the cell plate to divide the two identical cells. |
| What type of microscope is used in the school laboratory to observe cells | a light microscope |
| name two types of biomolecules that are produced in the cell during interphase | proteins and fats |
| name one organella that is replicated during interphase | chromosone |
| give two changes that occur in the cell by the end of interphase | nuclear membranes disintegrate, spindle fibres appear in cytoplasm |
| suggest why mature human blood cells do not undergo division | no nucleus |
| give one location where mitosis takes place in flowering plants | buds |
| what is the diploid number of a cell undergoing mitosis | four |
| human cells are classified as eukaryotes. Give two reasons why | have a nucleus, membrane bound mitochondria |
| what is tissue culture | the growth of cells outsides the organism |
| name two conditions neccesary for succesful tissue culture | suitable temperature and ph |
| explain clones | contains exact same genes as parent |
Created by:
sadhbh 1