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Operator Lic Prep
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The required minimum distance between water and sewer lines in all direction is | nine feet |
| When DPD is added to water which contains chlorine residual the water turns this color | pink to red |
| Minimum standards for drinking water systems. Water must be | disinfected, delivered at adequate pressure and be ample in quantity |
| All public water systems are required to employ certified operators even if the system only | redistributes treated water bought from another source |
| What is the primary purpose of the water utility industry? | The production and delivery of safe drinking water to consumers |
| The description of a public water system is | Regularly serves at least 25 individuals daily at least 60 days out of the year |
| A public water system that serves at least 15 service connections on a year round basis or serves at least 25 individuals on a year round basis is this type of water system. | Community |
| A public system that regularly serves at least 25 of the same persons more than 6 months of the year. | non-transient non-community (NTNCWS) |
| It required to notify the TCEQ about changes in the water system when there are | changes in the water source (changes or additions to an existing system or construction of a new system), changes in the water quality, health hazards |
| The most common type of pump used in a water distribution system is the | centrifugal |
| Valves on dead end mains should be flushed | once a month |
| All storage tanks must have | dust proof covers, proper manhole type entry, protected vents and drains |
| The minimum residual water pressure required by the rules and regulations for public water systems is | twenty psi under peak demand conditions |
| to prevent contamination of the water supply, the water distribution operator can | eliminate cross-connections |
| Surface water must be treated by | filtering, coagulation, and sedimentation |
| Pathogenic organisms cause | disease |
| Diseases transmitted by water are | typhoid, dysentery, cholera, gastroenteritis, paratyphoid, bacillary dysentery, amoebic dysentery, hepatitis, Legionnaires' disease, polio, giardia, cryptosporidiosis |
| A major responsibility of the water utility employee is to provide water that is | safe to drink and adequate in pressure and quantity |
| In Texas all public water systems must employ | a certified operator |
| The Grade D operator certification is valid for | three years |
| Surface water or well water prior to treatment is called | raw water |
| A common cause of taste and odor in lake water is | algae |
| An indicator organism indicates what? | the possible presence of pathogens |
| When does the TCEQ require a boil water notice? | Numerous or prolonged periods of low distribution pressure; Numerous or prolonged periods of no water; repeated bad bacteriological samples; failure to maintain adequate chlorine residuals |
| The only cross connection control approved by the TCEQ is | air gap |
| bacteriological analysis of the water supply in any district must be obtained every | month |
| The term head as applied to water pressure means | height in feet of the water column |
| The most common main line valve found in the water distribution industry is the | gate valve |
| Valves on dead end mains should be flushed | once a month |
| Fire hydrants should be this far away from any sewer line in all directions | nine feet |
| One method of disinfecting a storage tank is to spray or paint the entire inside surface with this and allow it this contact time prior to filling it with water | two-hundred mg/l chlorine solution; thirty minutes |
| To protect storage facilities from contamination the operator should | provide properly screened vents, grade site for drainage away from tank and prevent cross-connection |
| An important purpose for water storage is to provide | adequate supply of water; uniform production rates; adequate disinfection contact time |
| After construction or inside maintenance a potable water storage tank must be | disinfected |
| The most common type of pump used in a water distribution system is the | centrifugal |
| The term for the distance height in feet water would rise if not contained is | head |
| The meter which is accurate over a wide range of flows is the | compound meter |
| The process of using chemicals to clot particles in the water together is called | coagulation and flocculation |
| The most reliable method to prevent cross connection is an | air gap |
| A "community" water system | A public water system that has the potential to serves at least fifteen service connection s on a year round basis or serves at least twenty-five individuals on a year round basis |
| Define the hydrological cycle | the recycling of water between the earth and atmosphere |
| Physical characteristics of water | Temperature; turbidity; color; taste; odor |
| pH is a solution measurement of this .... or this... | hydrogen ion concentration; how acidic or basic it is |
| Regularly serves at least 25 individuals daily at least 60 days out of the year | public water system |
| The pH scale ranges from | zero to fourteen |
| 0 to <7 on the ph scale | acidic |
| =7 on the ph scale | neutral |
| >7 to 14 on the ph scale | basic or alkaline |
| if water has a pH of 6.5 it is slightly | acidic |
| if water has a pH of 7.8 it is slightly | basic |
| NTNCWS | non-transient non-community water system; a public system that regularly serves at least twenty-five of the same persons more than six months of the year |
| What protects a well from collapses and surface contamination | Casing and cementing |
| Define pumping level | The water level with the pump running |
| Define static level | The water level without the pump running |
| Define drawdown | the difference between pumping level and static level |
| what is the equation for drawdown? | pumping level - static level |
| What protects a well from collapses and surface contamination? | casing and cementing |
| Softening removes what | calcium and magnesium |
| softening removes calcium and magnesium by | adding lime or exchanging ions |
| In Texas these public water systems are required to have chlorination facilities | ALL |
| Define Dosage | the amount of chemical applied in mg/l or ppm |
| Define Demand | the amount of chemical used up by reducing agents |
| Residual | the amount of chemical remaining after reacting with demand |
| The demand formula | dosage = demand + residual |
| Chlorine and ammonia produce | chloramines |
| chloramine disinfectants are weaker than | free chlorine |
| Compared to free chlorine, chloramine is | less reactive and longer lasting |
| SCBA | Self-contained Breathing Apparatus |
| SCBA regulations for chlorination rooms | must be readily available, but stored away from it; and inspected regularly |
| Chlorine leaks are detected by holding what under the suspected point(leak)? | open bottle of ten percent ammonium hydroxide |
| We know that we have found a chlorine leak when holding an ammonia and water solution (ammonium hydroxide) under it if this happens. | white smoke appears |
| When detecting chlorine leaks, the chlorine institute does not recommend using this type of ammonia | household ammonia |
| Chlorine leaks should be repaired in this time frame | as soon as possible |
| A water system without ground storage (less than 50 connections) must have a pressure tank capacity of | fifty gallons per connection |
| A system with ground storage is allowed a pressure tank capacity of _____ ____ ____ _____ or _________ ________ | twenty gallons per connection, or elevated storage |
| All types of water storage tanks must be inspected how often | yearly |
| All types of water storage tanks must be inspected by | water system personnel or contracted services |
| All types of water storage tanks must be inspected both on the | interior and exterior (inside and outside) |
| Water storage tank inspection results must be | documented and kept at least five years |
| The exterior and interior coating of water storage tanks must be inspected for | corrosion protection |
| Storage tank interior coatings must meet | AWWA specifications |
| TCEQ requires that distribution system pressure never fall below this psi, even in emergencies | twenty |
| During normal operations the distribution pressure must be at least this psi | thirty-five |
| Water mains must be no closer than nine feet, in all directions, from | sewers or manholes |
| Distances between water and sewer are measured from.... | the outside of the pipe |
| Parallel water and sewer lines must be laid in... | separate ditches |
| Do not work in a ditch this deep unless it is protected from cave-ins. | five feet or more |
| Valves or check valves are not safe between a potable and | unknown water supply |
| The only method approved by the TCEQ for cross-connection protection against sewage is | air gap |
| Nine out of ten accidents result from | unsafe acts of the person injured or someone else |
| SHOW THE CALCULATION FOR THE FOLLOWING QUESTION. What does a pressure gauge read at the base of a full elevated tank if the water level is 140 feet above the ground? | = 140 *.443 |
| SHOW THE CALCULATION FOR THE FOLLOWING QUESTION. How many cubic yards of dirt are removed from a trench 60 feet long, five feet wide and five feet deep? | = length (60) * width (5) * depth (5) = 600cu/ft |
| SHOW THE CALCULATION FOR THE FOLLOWING QUESTION. A sample of treated surface water has a chlorine demand of 3.5 mg/L. If the operator wants a residual of 1 mg/L in the clear well, what dosage must eh operator apply? | = demand (3.5) + residual (1) = 4.5 |
| SHOW THE CALCULATION FOR THE FOLLOWING QUESTION. How many hours will it take to empty a 20,000-gallon tank at 60gpm | = gallons / (gpm*60) = 20,000 / (60*60) = 20,000/3600=5.56 |
| The basic pipeline size used in a water distribution system is determined by | fire protection needs. |
| SHOW THE CALCULATION FOR THE FOLLOWING QUESTION. A flow of 650 gpm is how many mgd? | 1440min=1day, convert to gallons per day; then divide by 1,000,000 |
| "Cathodic protection" means protection against | corrosion |
| SHOW THE CALCULATION FOR THE FOLLOWING QUESTION. How many gallons of water would 600 ft of 6-in pipe hold, approximately? | area of circle *600ft = volume; volume in cubic feet * 7.48gal = gallons it would hold |
| the C factor of a water pipe is the measurement of what | the pipe's interior roughness |
| Centrifugal pump noises will most likely be due to | cavitation |
| SHOW THE CALCULATION FOR THE FOLLOWING QUESTION. A pressure gauge on the discharge side of a pump reads 120 psi. How many feet of water is this pressure equivalent to? | 1psi=2.31 feet of water column; so 2.31*120=ft |
| vent openings on reservoirs and storage tanks should be | screened |
| Fire fighting may cause low pressure in an area of a distribution system. The low pressure might lead to | contamination of the system by backsiphonage |
| Static head is defined as | pressure due to depth or elevation of water |
| A connection between a safe and an unsafe water supply is called a | cross-connection |
| The presence of coliform bacteria in amounts greater than allowed by standards indicates | that pathogenic bacteria may be present |
| A valve that joins a customer's service to the water main is called the | corporation cock |
| If you are having problems achieving adequate disinfection, possible causes include | chlorine being consumed by organic matter |
| In instances where non-potable water or toxic waste systems are found to be connected directly with a potable water system, the preferred method for prevention of contamination is | installing physical separation (air gap) between the two systems |
| Surface water or well water prior to treatment is called | raw water |
| When the ph falls below 7 the water is more ____ and is also more ________. | acidic; corrosive |
| Water with a ph of 8.5 if more _____ than a ph of 7.8. | basic |
| Lime is added to water to adjust | the ph or alkalinity |
| The process of using chemicals to clot particles in the water together is called | coagulation and flocculation |
| The purpose of a well's casing is to | prevent the well from collapsing & to prevent sand and debris from getting into the well |
| What are the water treatment steps? | 1. Pretreatment; 2. Disinfection; 3. Taste and odor control; 4. Coagulation/flocculation; 5. Sedimentation; 6. Filtration; 7. Terminal Disinfection |
| What is the required safety for a chlorine facility | It must have an SCBA and fresh solution of 10% ammonia easily accessible outside the door |
| What are some examples of raw water? | surface water, lakes, rivers, streams, creeks, wastewater treatment (WWTP) effluent, ground water, water treatment plant (WTP) influent. |
| How often are chlorine residual tests required? | monthly |
| the most common type of injury for a water operator is | chemicals and insect bites |
| The TCEQ Water Operator license is good for how long? | 3 years |
| The average amount of water that people use in a day | 130 gallons per person |
| How far away from a well must septic Drainage fields be? | 150ft |
| How far away from a well must Sewage Wet Wells be? | 300ft |
| What is the zone of no sewers? | 50ft around a well where no contaminants are allowed |
| How far away from a well must underground Fuel Storage Tanks be? | 150ft |
| How far away from a well must livestock be? | 50ft |
| How far away from a well must Storm Sewers be? | 50ft |
| How far away from a well must Animal Feed lots be? | 500ft |
| How far away from a well must Septic Drainage Fields be? | 150ft |
| How far away from a well must Sewage Treatment Plants be? | 500ft |
| How far away from a well must Wastewater Drainage Ditches be? | 300ft |
| How far away from a well must Septic Tanks be? | 50ft |
| How far away from a well must Sewage Pumping Stations be? | 300ft |
| How far away from a well must Solid Waste Disposal Sites be? | 500ft |
| How far away from a well must Tile or Concrete Sewers be? | 150ft |
| How far away from a well must Irrigation With Sewage Effluents be? | 500ft |
| Minimum water storage capacity per connection | 200 gallons per connection |
| Minimum storage capacity for pressure tanks if the system does not have ground storage | 50 gallons per connection |
| Minimum storage capacity for pressure tanks if the system does have ground storage | 20 gallons per connection |
| What is another name for the Texas Hazard Communication Act? | the "Right to Know" law |
| Who is covered by the Texas Hazard Communication Act? | state employees, county employees, municipal employees, government employees |
| Who must required to follow the Texas Hazard Communication Act? | any employer who is not bound by OSHA |
| What is the purpose of the Texas Hazard Communication Act | to assure that employers provide information regarding hazardous chemicals in the workplace to employees who may be exposed to those chemicals in their workplace |
Created by:
tbuckerfield