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IIBA BABOK
Business Analyst Body of Knowledge
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the Business Analysis Body of Knowledge? | A globally recognized standard for the practice of business analysis. |
| What is Business Analysis? | The set of tasks and techniques used to work as a liaison among stakeholders in order to understand the structure, policies and operations of an organization, and to recommend solutions that enable the organization to achieve its goals. |
| A business analyst is... | ...any person who performs business analysis activities, no matter what their job title or organizational role may be. |
| A domain is... | ...the area undergoing analysis. It may correspond to the boundaries of an organization or organizational unit, as well as key stakeholders outside those boundaries and interactions with those stakeholders. |
| A solution is... | a set of changes to the current state of an organization that are made in order to enable that organization to meet a business need, solve a problem, or take advantage of an opportunity. |
| The scope of the solution is... | usually narrower than the scope of the domain within which it is implemented, and will serve as the basis for the scope of a project to implement that solution or its components. |
| Most solutions are... | a system of interacting solution components which are potentially solutions in their own right. |
| Business analysis helps organizations... | define the optimal solution for their needs, given the set of constraints under which that organization operates. |
| A requirement is...(1) | 1. A condition or capability needed by a stakeholder to solve a problem or achieve an objective. |
| A requirement is...(2) | 2. A condition or capability that must be met or possessed by a solution or solution component to satisfy a contract, standard, specification, or other formally imposed documents. |
| A requirement is...(3) | A documented representation of a condition or capability as in (1) or (2). |
| One of the key objectives of business analysis is... | to ensure that requirements are visible to and understood by all stakeholders. |
| Business requirements describe... | the needs of the organization as a whole, the reasons why a project has been initiated, the objectives that the project will achieve, and the metrics that will be used to measure its success. |
| Stakeholder Requirements describe... | the needs that a given stakeholder has and how that stakeholder will interact with a solution. Serve as a bridge between bus. req. and various classes of solution requirements. |
| Solution requirements describe... | the characteristics of a solution that meet business requirements and stakeholder requirements. |
| Subcategories of Solution Requirements are... | Functional RequirementsNon-functional RequirementsTransition Requirements |
| Functional Requirements describe... | the behavior and information that the solution will manage. |
| Non-functional Requirements capture... | conditions that do not directly relate to the behavior or functionality of the solution, but rather describe environmental conditions under which the solution must remain effective or qualities that the systems must have. |
| Transition Requirements describe... | capabilities that the solution must have in order to facilitate transition from the current state of the enterprise to a desired future state, but that will not be needed once that transition is complete. |
| Knowledge Areas define... | what a practitioner of business analysis needs to understand and the tasks a practitioner must be able to perform. |
| Business Analysis Planning and Monitoring is the knowledge area that covers how business analysts determine... | which activities are necessary in order to complete a business analysis effort. |
| Business Analysis Planning and Monitoring includes... | identification of stakeholdersselection of business analysis techniquesthe process that will used to manage requirements,and how to assess the progress of the work. |
| Elicitation describes... | how business analysts work with stakeholders to identify and understand their needs and concerns, and understand the environment in which they work. |
| Requirements Management and Communication describes... | how business analysts manage conflicts, issues and changes in order to ensure that stakeholders and the project team remain in agreement on the scope, how requirements are communicated to stakeholders, and how knowledge gained by the b.a. is maintained |
| Enterprise Analysis describes how business analysts... | identify a business need, refine and clarify the definition of that need, and define a solution scope that can feasibly be implemented by the business. |
| Requirements Analysis describes how business analysts... | prioritize and progressively elaborate stakeholder and solution requirements in order to enable the project team to implement a solution that will meet the needs of the sponsoring organization and stakeholders. |
| Solution Assessment and Validation describes how business analysts... | asses proposed solutions to determine which solution best fits the business need, identify gaps and shortcomings in solutions, and determine necessary workarounds or changes to the solution. |
| Underlying Competencies describes... | the behaviours, knowledge, and other characteristics that support the effective performance of business analysis. |
| Characteristics of a task: | * accomplishes a positive result which is useful, specific, visible, and measurable.* is complete* is a necessary part of the purpose of the Knowledge Area with which it is associated. |
| An input... | represents the information and preconditions necessary for a task to begin. |
| Inputs may be: | * Explicitly generated outside the scope of business analysis.* Generated by a business analysis task. |
| Requirements are the only input or output that... | is not produced by a single task |
| A customer is... | a stakeholder outside the boundary of a given organization or organizational unit. |
| A domain subject matter expert (SME) is... | any individual with in-depth knowledge of a topic relavant to the business need or solution scope. |
| End users are... | stakeholders who will directly interact with the solution. |
| Implementation Subject Matter Experts (SME) are... | responsible for designing and implementing potential solutions. |
| Developers/Software Engineers are... | responsible for the construction of software applications. |
| Organiztional Change Management Professionals are... | responsible for facilitating acceptance and adoption of new solutions and overcoming resistance to change. |
| System Architects are... | responsible for dividing a software application into components and defining the interactions between them. |
| Trainers are... | responsible for ensuring that the end users of a solution understand how it is supposed to work and are able to use it effectively. |
| Usability Professionals are... | responsible for the external interaction design of technology solutions and for making those solutions as simple to use as is feasible. |
| Project Managers are... | responsible for managing the work required to deliver a solution that meets a business need, and for ensuring that the project's objectives are met while balancing the project constraints, including scope, budget, schedule, resources, quality, risk etc. |
| Testers are... | responsible for determining how to verify that the solution meets the solution requirements defined by the business analyst as well as conducting the verification process. |
| Regulators are... | responsible for the definition and enforcement of standards. |
| Sponsors are... | responsible for initiating the effort to define a business need and develop a solution that meets that need. |
| A Supplier is... | a stakeholder outside the boundary of a given organization or organizational unit. |
| An output is... | a necessary result of the work described in the task. |
| Techniques provide... | additional information on different ways that a task may be performed or different forms the output of a task may take. |
| A technique must be... | related to at least one task. |
| The underlying competencies are... | skills, knowledge and personal characteristics that support the effective performance of business analysis. |
| Analytical Thinking and Problem solving supports... | effective identification of business problems, assessment of proposed solutions to those problems, and understanding of the needs of stakeholders. |
| Behavioral Characteristics support... | the development of effective working relationships with stakeholders and include qualities such as ethics, trustworthiness, and personal organization. |
| Business Knowledge supports... | understanding of the environment in which business analysis is performed and knowledge of general business principles and available solutions. |
| Communication Skills support business analysts in... | eliciting and communicating requirements among stakeholders. |
| Interaction Skills support the business analyst when... | working with large numbers of stakeholders, and involve both the ability to work as part of a larger team and to help that team reach decisions. |
| Software Applications are used to... | facilitate the collaborative development, recording and distribution of requirements to stakeholders. |
| The Business Analysis Planning and Monitoring Knowledge Area defines... | The tasks associated with the planning and monitoring of business analysis activities. |
| Plan Business Analysis Approach task describes... | how to select an approach to performing business analysis, which stakeholders need to be involved in the decision, who will be consulted regarding and informed of the approach, and the reationale for using it. |
| Business analysis approaches describe... | the overall process that will be followed to perform business analysis work on a given initiative, how and when tasks will be performed, the techniques that will be used, and the deliverables that should be produced. |
| Inputs to the business analysis approach: | * Business need* Expert Judgment* Organizational Process Assets |
| Plan-driven approaches focus on... | minimizing up-front uncertainty and ensuring that the solution is fully defined before implementation begins in order to maximize control and minimize risk. |
| Plan-driven approaches are preferred where... | requirements can effectively be defined in advance of implementation, the risk of an incorrect implementation is unacceptably high, orwhen managing stakeholder interactions presents significant challenges. |
| Change-driven approaches focus on... | rapid delivery of business value in short iterations in return for acceptance of a higher degree of uncertainty regarding the overall delivery of the solution. |
| Plan-driven approaches have most business analysis work occur... | at the beginning of the project or during one specific project phase. |
| Change-driven approaches may have a business analysis effort conducted... | early to produce an initial list of high-level requirements. This product backlog is then updated throughout the project as new requirements emerge. |
| The process of compiling an initial list of high-level requirements are also referred to as... | requirements envisioning |
| Plan-driven approaches to defining requirements typically call for... | a significant amount of formality and detail. |
| Change-driven approaches favor defining requirements through... | team interaction and through gathering feedback on a working solution. |
| Plan-driven approaches seek to ensure that changes... | only occur when they are genuinely necessary and can be clearly justified. |
| With regard to requirements, change-driven approaches presume that... | it is difficult to identify all requirements in advance of their implementation. |
| For communication plan-driven approaches tend to... | rely on formal communication methods. |
| For communication, change-driven approaches... | focus more on frequency of communication than on formal documentation. |
| What 6 factors increase the complexity of the business analysis efforts as they increase? | * number of stakeholders* number of business areas affected* number of business systems affected* amount and nature of risk* uniqueness of requirements* number of technical resources required |
| Decision Analysis may be used to... | rate available methodologies against the organizational needs and objectives. |
| Process Modeling can be used to... | define and document the business analysis approach. |
| Structured Walkthrough can be used as a means of... | validating a created, selected, or tailored business analysis approach. |
| The output of the Business Analysis Planning and Monitoring task includes... | The Business Analysis Approach. |
| The Business Analysis Approach is a definition of... | the approach that will be taken for business analysis in a given initiative. |
| A business analysis approach may specify... | team roles, deliverables, analysis techniques, the timing and frequency of stakeholder interactions, and other elements of the business analysis process. |
| A methodology is... | a formalized and repeatable business analysis approach. |
| The purpose of The Conduct Stakeholder Analysis task covers... | The identification of stakeholders who may be affected or who share a common business need, identifying appropriate stakeholders for the project or project phase, and determining stakeholder authority regarding the approval of project deliverables. |
| Inputs to the Conduct Stakeholder Analysis task include (3)... | * Business Need* Enterprise Architecture* Organizational Process Assets |
| In the Conduct Stakeholder Analysis task the Business Need helps to... | Identify and anlyze the position ofthe stakeholders affected by the business need. |
| In the Conduct Stakeholder Analysis task, the Enterprise Architecture... | describes the organizational units that exist, their interactions with other org units, customers and suppliers, their reponsibilities within the organization, and the roles and relationships within each org unit. |
| The Organizational Process Assets include... | organizational policies and procedures, forms that must be completed, suggested or prescribed methodologies, templates, and project authorization guidelines. |
| Stakeholder roles must be identified early in the project in order to help... | ensure timely delivery of requirements deliverables. |
| Understanding who the stakeholders are and the impact of proposed changes on them is vital to... | understanding what needs, wants, and expectations must be satisfied by a solution. |
| The complexity of interactions with a stakeholder group may be affected by factors such as...(2) | * Number and variety of direct end users* Number of interfacing business processes and automated systems. |
| Factors to consider in Assessing stakeholder attitude towards the business goals, objectives and solution approach include:(5) | * believe that the solution will benefit the organization?* Will the benefits affect them directly?* Will the benefits be accrued elsewhere?* Are the possible negative effects greater than the rewards?* believe that the project team can deliver |
| Factors to consider in assessing stakeholder attitude towards business analysis:(2) | * Do they see value in defining their requirements?*Do the present solutions and expect the requirements to be contained in that solution? |
| Factors to consider in assessing stakeholder attitude towards collaboration:(4) | * Have they had success on previous collaborative efforts?* Does the organization reward collaboration?* Is the organization heirarchical in nature, rather than being team-based?* Are personal agendas the norm? |
| Factors to consider in assessing stakeholder attitude toward the sponsor:(2) | * On cross-functional efforts, do all the SMEs support the sponsor?*Are there SMEs who would prefer another sponsor? |
| Factors to consider in assessing stakeholder attitude toward team members: (1) | Have key members of the project team built trusting relationships or have there been prior failed projects or project phases involving those people? |
| Understanding the nature of influence and the influence strutures and channels within an organization can prove invaluable... | when seeking to build relationsips and work torwards building trust. |
| Some factors relating to influence to consider are...(4) | * influence on the project* influence in the organization* influence needed to make the project succeed * Influence with other stakeholders |
| If there is a mismatch between the influence required and the amount of influence the stakeholder has or is perceived to have,... | develop risk plans and responses and other strategies that might be needed to obtain the required level of support. |
| Identify who has the approval authority for...(6) | * Approve the deliverables* Inspect and approve the requirements* Request and approve changes* Approve the requirements process* Review and approve the traceability structure* Veto proposed requirements or solutions. |
| General Technique: Acceptance and Evaluation Criteria Definition... | Identify which stakeholders have sufficient authority to accept or reject the solution. |
| General Technique: Brainstorming... | May assist in identifying needs and requirements that lead to possible stakeholders or in creating a listing of possible stakeholder roles. |
| General Technique: Interviews | Interviewees may be able to identify other stakeholders. |
| General Technique: Organization Modeling | will describe the roles and functions in the organization and the ways in which stakeholders interact and so will help to identify stakeholders who are affected by a change. |
| General technique: Process Modeling | Source for identifying additional stakeholders, since related processes may be affected. |
| General technique: Requirements Workshops | During requirements workshops, the business analyst may ask participants if they can suggest other stakeholders. |
| General technique: Risk Analysis | Risks to the initiative may result from stakeholder attitudes or the ability of key stakeholders to participate in the initiative. |
| General technique: Scenarios and Use Cases and User Stories | Identified stakeholder roles may serve as a useful starting point for identifying actors and roles |
| General technique: Scope Modeling | Scope models should show stakeholders that fall outside the scope of the solution but still interact with it in some way. |
| General technique: Survey/Questionnaire | Useful for identifying shared caracteristics of a stakeholder group. |
| RACI Matrix | describes the roles of those involved in business analysis activities. |
| RACI Matrix [R]... | [R]esponsible - does the work. |
| RACI Matrix [A]... | [A]ccountable - is the decision maker (only one) |
| RACI Matrix [C]... | [C]onsulted - must be consulted prior to the work and gives input |
| RACI Matrix [I]... | [I]nformed - must be notified of the outcome |
| Stakeholder maps are... | visual diagrams that depict the relationship of stakeholders to the solution and to one another. |
| Two common stakeholder maps include...(2) | * a matrix mapping the level of stakeholder influence against the level of stakeholder interest.* onion diagram indicating how involved the stakeholder is with the solution |
Created by:
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