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Science Minerals
11/24 Science Quiz
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| What are characteristics of a mineral? | naturally occurring , has a crystal structure, is a solid, formed by inorganic processes, always contains the same elements(definite chemical composition) |
| What are 8 properties of minerals? | luster, streak, color, density, cleavage and fracture, crystal structure, hardness, and special properties |
| What is luster? | luster describes how light reflects from a mineral's surface. |
| What terms can be used to describe luster? | metallic, glassy, earthy, silky, waxy, and pearly |
| What is streak? | streak of a mineral is the color of its POWDER. the color of a mineral can vary, the streak does not. |
| What is density? | density=mass to find density you divide mass by volume |
| What is cleavage and fracture? | cleavage= when a mineral that splits easily along flat surfaces. Most minerals do not split apart evenly. fracture= describes how a mineral looks when it breaks apart in an irregular way. |
| What is crystal structure? | The way the crystals are arranged. |
| What is hardness? | a mineral can scratch any mineral softer than itself but can be scratched by any mineral that is harder. |
| What is Mohs hardness scale? | The Mohs hardness scale is used to rank the hardness of minerals. 1=softest and 10 is the hardest |
| What are some special properties of minerals? | Some minerals can be identified by special physical properties. Calcite bends light to produce double images. Other minerals conduct electricity, glow when placed under ultraviolet light, or are magnetic. |
| What are some minerals formed in solutions and by evaporation? | halite, calcite, and gypsum |
| What are some minerals formed as lava cools? | pyroxene and olivine |
| What are some minerals formed as magma cools? | quartz and feldspar |
| What determines crystal size in minerals formed by lava or magma? | The rate at which the minerals cooled |
| What determines the size of a crystal? | the rate at which the melted rock cools- the slower the cooling leads to large crystals while the faster it cools leads to small crystal |
| What is graphite made of? | carbon |
| What is a diamond made of? | carbon |
| How does a diamond form verses graphite? | Diamonds are formed through high temperature and high pressure. |