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ch 14
chemical reactions
word | definition |
---|---|
chemical reaction | the process by which one or more substances change to produce one or more different substances |
precipitate | a solid that is produced as a result of a chemical reaction in solution |
chemical formula | a combination of chemical symbols and numbers to represent a substance |
chemical equation | a representation of a chemical reaction that uses symbols to show the realationship between the reactants and the products |
reactant | a subsatance or molecule that participates in a chemical reaction |
product | the substance that forms in a chemical reaction |
law of converation of mass | the law that states that mass cannot be created or destroyed in ordinary chemical and physical changes |
synthesis reaction | a reaction in which 2 or more substances combine to form a new compound |
decomposition reaction | a reaction in which a single compound breaks down to form 2 or more simpler substances |
single-displacement reaction | a reaction in which one element or radical takes the place of another element or radical in a compound |
double-displacement reaction | a reaction in which a gas, a solid precipate, or a moleculat compound forms from the exchange of ions between 2 compounds |
exothermic reaction | a chemical reaction in which heat is released to the surroundings |
endothermic reaction | a chemical reaction that requires heat |
law of conservation of energy | the law that state that energy cannot be created or destroyed but can be changed from one form to another |
activation energy | the minimum amount of energy required to start a chemical reaction |
inhibitor | a substance that slows down or stops a chemical reaction |
catalyst | a substance that changes the rate of a chemical reaction without being used up of changed very much |