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Hydrotherapy
Hydrotherapy Notes- Beck Chp 13
| term/question | definition/answer |
|---|---|
| What is Hydrotherapy? | The therapeutic use of water is termed hydrotherapy. An effective means of applying heat and cold to the body and is within the scope of practice of massage therapy. Designed to encourage circulation, promote relaxation, and provide pain relief when combined with traditional massage therapy. |
| What is Thermotherapy? | The use of heat for therapeutic purposes. |
| What is Cryotherapy? | The therapeutic process of cooling the body (reducing tissue temp). |
| What is slush? | 60% water 40% ice, typically used in sports |
| What are the three forms of hydrotherapy application? | Solid, liquid and vapor |
| Changes in the body as a result of hydrotherapy are classified as __________, ________________, ____________. | Thermal - applying water at temperatures above or below that of the body. Mechanical - pressure exerted on the surface of the body by sprays, whirlpool baths, and friction Chemical - variety of products added to bath water or steam such as essential oils, herbal preparations, salt, Epsom salt, or baking soda. |
| The normal surface temperature of skin is ______ while the normal core body temp is ________. | 92ºF, 98.6ºF |
| Water boils at what temperature? | 212ºF |
| Water freezes at __________? | 32ºF |
| Water temperatures above ____________ should not be used for hydrotherapy purposes. | 110ºF or 43.3°C |
| Water temperature for immersion baths and hydrotubs should not exceed ________________? | 104ºF or 40°C |
| If the temperature of the treatment is the same as the body temperature, what happens? | There are no thermal effects. |
| Are treatments of short duration different than effects from longer treatments? | yes, short treatments (2-5secs) are stimulating, long treatments (10-30mins) depress metabolic activity |
| What does heat cause? | Vasodilation (widening of blood vessels) and circulation increase |
| When "whole-body application of heat" is used what are the effects on the body. | Raises the core body temperature, causing a fever-like reaction. There is profuse perspiration, the pulse rate increases, and the white and red blood cell count increases. |
| When "local application of heat" is applied what are the effects on the body? | Local reddening (caused by vasodilation), increased metabolism and leukocyte migration to the area, relaxation of local musculature, and a slight analgesia (pain relief). |
| A full-body application of cold does what? | Reduces the body temperature (hypothermia)...it must be done only under strict medical supervision. |
| Local applications of cold cause what? | Reduction of nerve sensitivity, circulation, muscle spasms, and spasticity. They have a numbing, anesthetic, analgesic effect that makes them valuable in the relief of acute pain from bursitis (bur-SY-tis), soft tissue injury, burns, and neuralgia (noo-RAL-juh). |
| Short applications of cold are __________? | stimulating |
| Prolonged application of cold ___________ metabolic activity. | depresses/slows down |
| Prolonged general treatments below 70°F or 21.1°C can cause ______________? | hypothermia |
| Prolonged general treatments above 104°F or 40°C can cause ______________? | hyperthermia, generally the skin can't tolerate temps above 115°F. |
| What are contraindications for hot/cold therapies? | Cardiac impairment, diabetes, lung disease, kidney infection, extremely high or low blood pressure, an infectious skin condition, or open wounds. The loss of the ability to feel hot or cold contradicts the application of treatments that could potentially burn or freeze the client’s skin. |
| Warm or neutral treatments are considered safe. | Correct |
| Whole-body treatments that tend to raise the body’s core temperature are contraindicated when and for what conditions? | Pregnancy, multiple sclerosis, and other conditions as well as circulatory conditions, including high blood pressure and heart disease. |
| What series of sensations are caused by applying ice? | CBAN: C = cold, B = burning, A = aching, and N = numbness <--STOP HERE. |
| When a soft tissue injury such as a sprain or strain occurs, the standard first aid treatment is to apply? | RICE, R = rest, I = ice, C = compression, and E = elevation. This reduces swelling, pain, and the secondary tissue damage that results from excessive swelling. P - "protect" added later for "PRICE" |
| What is contrast therapy? | The alternating application of heat and cold for therapeutic purposes, also one of the best ways to increase circulation. Start with heat and finish with cold. |
| What is a cold compress? | Small towel/washcloth/other material that is soaked in cold or icy water, wrung out, folded and placed directly on the client’s skin. Should be replaced every 2-5mins |
| What are ice packs used for? | Local application is effective in relieving pain, preventing swelling, and decreasing inflammation. Indicated for early treatment in the acute stage of sprains, strains, and other soft tissue injuries. Also effective in the treatment of acute joint and nerve inflammation. |
| How is heat transferred to the body? | 1. Conduction is the direct exchange of heat when the surface of the body is in direct contact with the thermal agent (heat pack, immersion bath). 2. Convection is the transfer of heat through the movement of the air (steam bath, sauna). 3. Radiation is the transfer of heat by way of rays contacting the body (the sun, infrared). 4. Conversion is the converting of an energy source into heat as it passes through the body’s tissue (diathermy, ultrasonography). |
| What are the immediate effects of heat? | To bring blood to the surface temporarily (and draw blood away from the interior). Local blood vessels and capillaries dilate, increasing circulation and oxygen absorption. |
| What is the recommended temp for steam vapor? | 105–125°F or 40.6–51.7°C. |
| What are dry heat methods? | heating pads, infrared radiation, diathermy & ultrasound |
| What are moist heat applications? | paraffin baths, rice packs, hot compress, moist heat packs, body wraps, showers & sprays & immersion baths |
| What is a hydrocollator? | Electrical appliance used to heat and store the gel filled packs, which come in a variety of shapes, to conform to different areas of the body. 165–170°F |
| A warm tub bath provides what effects? | A soothing and relaxing effect on the body and is recommended for nervous and excitable people. 93 to 98F for 15 to 25mins |
| Saline baths produce what effects? | Tonic effect on the body, helps with muscle soreness and stiffness. temperature of 90 to 98°F |
| The sitz or hip bath is applied only to the _____ and _______ ________, can be in hot, tepid or cool water (temp decides time frame). | hips and pelvic region |
| What is the secondary effect of cryotherapy? | When the cold is removed from an area; the blood then rushes into that area to normalize the temperature and therefore increases circulation. |
| The Gebauer Company made what 2 products? | Instant Ice and Spray and Stretch, that are safe, nonflammable and non ozone depleting vapocoolant sprays. |
| What are vapocoolant sprays used for? | trigger point therapy and increasing stretch in muscles. |
| How much salt is used in a saline bath? | 3-5lbs |
| What's another term for bath cabinets? | Vapor or steam cabinets |
| Steam canopy/bath cabinet time range? | 10-25mins |
| What effects are produced by applying water at temps above or below that of the body? | thermal |
| What effects are produced by the pressure exerted on the surface of the body by sprays, whirlpool baths, and friction | mechanical |
| What effects are produced by any variety or products added to bath water or steam ex. essential oils, epsom salt etc.. | chemical |
| What is applied to the forehead, back, or the back of the neck help to maintain a client’s comfort during thermotherapy treatments such as steam cabinet, steam canopy, or hot bath? | cold compress |
| What is an inexpensive way to make a reusable ice pack? | 4 parts water, 1 part alcohol put into the freezer |
| What produces infrared radiation? | bulb, element or the sun |
| What is diathermy? | Applying oscillating electromagnetic fields to the tissue. |
| Type of diathermy using sound waves or a frequency between 1-3Mghz to produce deep heat in tissues. | Ultrasound |
| What is one of the most effective methods of applying heat to relieve pain and stiffness? | Paraffin baths |
| After paraffin is applied what is next? | Cover the area with some type of insulating material, wait 10-15mins or until no longer warm, then massage can occur. |
Created by:
clmahan