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Blaise Howell
Physiology Stack #1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Kicking a football is accomplished by: | extension |
| The opposite of dorsiflexion is: | Plantar flexion |
| Which of the following terms describes an isometric contraction? | Static tension |
| After it is released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum, the calcium combines with which protein? | Troponin |
| A condyloid joint is an example of a ____ joint. | biaxial |
| What are the most movable joints in the body? | Synovial |
| The knee joint is an example of a _____ joint. | hinge |
| Which of the following is an incorrect statement regarding heat production? | All are correct (the body temp set point is established by the hypothalamus, shivering will increase body, body temperature functions on a negative-feedback mechanism) |
| Which of the following is not an end product of the breakdown of ATP? | All are end products of the breakdown of ATP (an inorganic phosphate, energy that can be used in muscle contraction, ADP) |
| Which joint allows for the widest range of movement? | Ball and Socket |
| All of the following are noninflammatory joint disorders except: | juvenile rheumatoid arthritis |
| During which phase of the twitch contraction is there a triggering of the release of calcium ions into the sarcoplasm? | latent period |
| Moving a body part away from the medial plane of the body is called: | abduction |
| White fiber are also called _____ fibers. | fast |
| Which joint allows for a unique movement called opposition? | saddle |
| Which structure functions to temporarily store calcium ions? | Sarcoplasmic reticulum |
| Which of the following statements about cardiac muscle is incorrect? | Cardiac muscle requires nervous stimulation to contract (Cardiac muscle is also called striated involuntary muscle and contains intercalated disks) |
| A gliding joint is an example of a ____ joint | multiaxial |
| Which joint allows for the most movement | ball and socket |
| Endurance training is also known as: | aerobic training |
| The chief function of the T-tubules is to: | allow for electrical signals to move deeper into the cell |
| An example of a hinge joint is the | interphalangeal joints |
| The type of movement possible at a synovial joint depends on the: | shape of the articulating surfaces of the bones |
| Cross bridges are also called: | myosin heads |
| In terms of function, which is considered an immovable joint? | Synarthrosis |
| Skeletal muscles are innervated by: | somatic motor neurons |
| The lactate produced by anaerobic respiration is converted back to glucose in the: | liver |
| Glucose can be stored in the muscle as: | glycogen |
| The purpose of creatine phosphate in muscle contraction is to: | replenish energy supply |
| Which of the following is not one of the major functions of muscles? | protection (movement, heat production and posture are) |
| The substance that attracts oxygen in the myoglobin molecule is: | iron |
| The strength of a muscle contraction is influenced by the: | amount of load, initial length of muscle fibers, recruitment of motor units |
| Thick myofilaments extend the length of the: | A-band |
| Which type of muscle does not have t-tubules | smooth |
| The protein molecule that has heads jutting out for the cross-bridging is: | myosin |
| The first event to occur in muscle relaxation is that: | the sarcoplasmic reticulum begins actively pumping calcium back into its sacs |
| A contraction in which the tension within the muscle remains the same but the length changes is called ______ contraction | isotonic |
| All of the following are true characteristics of an isometric contraction except: | movement is produced (True statements: the muscle does not shorten, it can produce work by tightening to resist a force. the tension produced by the myosin cross-bridges cannot overcome the load placed on the muscle |
| Aerobic respiration: | produces the maximum amount of energy available from each glucose molecule |
| True statements about smooth muscle | there are no striations, there are no t-tublues, the sarcoplasmic reticula are loosely organized |
| Physiological muscle fatigue may be caused by: | a relative lack of ATP, high levels of lactate, failure of the sodium-potassium pumps |
| The type of movement that occurs when the head is dropped to the shoulder, then to the chest, to the other shoulder, and toward the back is: | circumduction |
| The term that means self-immunity is | autoimmunity |
| Of the 11 major body systems which is the least involved in maintaining homeostasis? | Reproductive |
| Which of the following may put one at risk for developing a given disease? | environment, stress, lifestyle |
| Intrinsic control: | is sometimes called autoregulation |
| Negative feedback control systems | oppose change |
| Intercellular parasites that consist of DNA or RNA surrounded by a protein coat and sometimes by a lipoprotein envelope are called: | viruses |
| Pathogenesis can be defined as: | a specific disease |
| The contraction of the uterus during the birth of a baby is an example of ______ feedback | positive |
| Which of the following is a protein substance with no DNA or RNA and is thought to be the cause of mad cow disease? | Prion |
| The normal reading or range of normal is called the: | set point |
| Positive feedback control systems | accelerate change |
| Homeostasis can best be described as | a state of relative constancy |
| Epidemiology is the study of the _____ of diseases in human populations | occurence, distribution, transmission |
| The body's thermostat is located in the: | hyothalalmus |
| If the secretion of oxytocin during childbirth operated as a negative-feedback control loop, what effect would it have on the uterine contractions? | Oxytocin would inhibit uterine contractions |
| Which of the following is not one of the basic components in a feedback control loop? | Transmitter (effector mechanism, sensor, and integrating center are) |
| Negative-feedback mechanisms: | minimize changes in blood glucose levels, maintain homeostasis, are responsible for an increased rate of sweating when air temp is higher than the body temp |
| Of pathogenic organisms, which of the following are the most complex? | Tapeworms |
| Shivering to try and raise your body temp to normal is an example of: | the body trying to maintain homeostasis and a negative feedback mechanism |
| Which of the following is a basic component of every feedback control loop? | sensor mechanism, integrating center, effector, feedback |
Created by:
BlaiseHowell